Перевести холст WPF с высокой степенью масштабирования не так просто - PullRequest
3 голосов
/ 19 августа 2010

Представьте, что у вас есть холст, который вы хотите масштабировать до очень высокого значения, а затем разрешить панорамирование.

Хорошим примером является географический инструмент, который должен позволять панорамирование с уровнями "масштабирования" изпротяженность всей земли до нескольких метров.

Я обнаружил, что если вы увеличите масштаб до, скажем, 500 000, перевод станет очень неустойчивым, но ТОЛЬКО если вы просматриваете далеко от0,0 начала холста!

Я пытался перевести, используя RenderTransform холста, и я пробовал это, буквально перемещая другой канва сверху масштабированного холста.Я также видел ту же проблему в чужом примере приложения в Интернете.

В следующем примере кода предусмотрено панорамирование (щелчок и перетаскивание) в двух разных местах увеличения.Если вы реализуете код, вы можете нажать одну кнопку, чтобы увеличить до 0,0, где вы найдете приятное плавное панорамирование мыши.Затем используйте другую кнопку для увеличения до 200, 200, и плавного панорамирования больше нет!

Есть идеи, почему это так или как можно это исправить?

XAML для образца:

<Window x:Class="TestPanZoom.Window1"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="Window1" Height="500" Width="500" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
    <Grid PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown="Grid_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown" MouseMove="Grid_MouseMove">
        <Canvas Name="canvas1"></Canvas>
        <Button Height="31" 
                Name="button1" 
                Click="button1_Click" 
                Margin="12,12,0,0" 
                VerticalAlignment="Top" 
                HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="270">
            Zoom WAY in to 0,0 and get smooth panning
        </Button>
        <Button Height="31" 
                Name="button2" 
                Click="button2_Click" 
                Margin="12,49,0,0" 
                VerticalAlignment="Top" 
                HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                Width="270">
            Zoom WAY in to 200, 200 -- NO smooth panning
        </Button>
    </Grid>
</Window>

Код для образца:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace TestPanZoom
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for Window1.xaml
    /// Demo of an issue with translate transform when scale is very high
    /// but ONLY when you are far from the canvas's 0,0 origin.
    /// Why?  Is their a fix?
    /// </summary>
    public partial class Window1 : Window
    {
        Point m_clickPoint;

        public Window1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Add a 2x2 black ellipse centered at 0,0
            Ellipse el = new Ellipse();
            el.Fill = Brushes.Black;
            el.Width = 2;
            el.Height = 2;
            el.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
            el.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
            el.Margin = new Thickness(0 - el.Width / 2, 0 - el.Height / 2, 0, 0);
            canvas1.Children.Add(el);

            // Add a 1x1 red rectangle with its top/left corner at 0,0
            Rectangle r = new Rectangle();
            r.Fill = Brushes.Red;
            r.Width = 1;
            r.Height = 1;
            r.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
            r.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
            r.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 0);
            canvas1.Children.Add(r);


            // Add a 2x2 purple ellipse at a point 200,200
            Point otherPoint = new Point(200, 200);
            el = new Ellipse();
            el.Fill = Brushes.Purple;
            el.Width = 2;
            el.Height = 2;
            el.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
            el.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
            el.Margin = new Thickness(otherPoint.X - el.Width / 2, otherPoint.Y - el.Height / 2, 0, 0);
            canvas1.Children.Add(el);

            // Add a 1x1 blue rectangle with its top/left corner at 200,200
            r = new Rectangle();
            r.Fill = Brushes.Blue;
            r.Width = 1;
            r.Height = 1;
            r.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
            r.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
            r.Margin = new Thickness(otherPoint.X, otherPoint.Y, 0, 0);
            canvas1.Children.Add(r);
        }


        private void Grid_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        {
            m_clickPoint = e.GetPosition(this);
        }

        // Pan with the mouse when left-mouse is down
        private void Grid_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.LeftButton == MouseButtonState.Pressed)
            {
                Point mousePosition = e.GetPosition(this);
                double xDiff = mousePosition.X - m_clickPoint.X;
                double yDiff = mousePosition.Y - m_clickPoint.Y;

                TranslateTransform tt = new TranslateTransform(xDiff, yDiff);
                TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
                tg.Children.Add(canvas1.RenderTransform);
                tg.Children.Add(tt);
                canvas1.RenderTransform = tg;

                m_clickPoint = e.GetPosition(this);
            }
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
            double scale = 1000000;
            double xCenter = 0;
            double yCenter = 0;
            double xOffset = (canvas1.ActualHeight / 2.0 - xCenter);
            double yOffset = (canvas1.ActualWidth / 2.0 - yCenter);
            ScaleTransform st = new ScaleTransform(scale, scale);
            st.CenterX = xCenter;
            st.CenterY = yCenter;
            TranslateTransform tt = new TranslateTransform(xOffset, yOffset);
            tg.Children.Add(st);
            tg.Children.Add(tt);
            canvas1.RenderTransform = tg;
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
            double scale = 1000000;
            double xCenter = 200;
            double yCenter = 200;
            double xOffset = (canvas1.ActualHeight / 2.0 - xCenter);
            double yOffset = (canvas1.ActualWidth / 2.0 - yCenter);
            ScaleTransform st = new ScaleTransform(scale, scale);
            st.CenterX = xCenter;
            st.CenterY = yCenter;
            TranslateTransform tt = new TranslateTransform(xOffset, yOffset);
            tg.Children.Add(st);
            tg.Children.Add(tt);
            canvas1.RenderTransform = tg;
        }

    }
}

1 Ответ

1 голос
/ 20 августа 2010

Это вызвано самим Canvas. Это не очень хорошо для более продвинутого рендеринга. Во-первых, вам нужно использовать класс Visual. Это немного сложнее, но вы получаете преимущество низкого уровня рендеринга.

Решение скачать

Вот код: MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="VisualTest.MainWindow"
 xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 Title="VisualLayer" Height="350.4" Width="496.8"
 xmlns:local="clr-namespace:VisualTest"
>
<Grid>
    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"></ColumnDefinition>
        <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
        <Button  Name="button1" Click="button1_Click"  Margin="5" Padding="5,0">
            Zoom WAY in to 0,0
        </Button>
        <Button Name="button2" Click="button2_Click" Margin="5" Padding="5,0">
            Zoom WAY in to 200, 200
        </Button>
        <Button Name="button3" Click="button3_Click" Margin="5" Padding="5,0">
            Zoom back
        </Button>
    </StackPanel>
    <local:DrawingCanvas Grid.Column="1" x:Name="drawingSurface" Background="White" ClipToBounds="True" 
                         MouseLeftButtonDown="drawingSurface_MouseLeftButtonDown"
            MouseLeftButtonUp="drawingSurface_MouseLeftButtonUp"
            MouseMove="drawingSurface_MouseMove">
    </local:DrawingCanvas>
</Grid>

MainWindow.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace VisualTest
{
 /// <summary>
 /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
 /// </summary>
 public partial class MainWindow : Window
 {
    // Variables for dragging shapes.
    private bool isDragging = false;
    private Vector clickOffset;
    private DrawingVisual selectedVisual;
    // Drawing constants.
    private Brush drawingBrush = Brushes.Black;
    private Brush selectedDrawingBrush = Brushes.LightGoldenrodYellow;
    private Pen drawingPen = new Pen(Brushes.SteelBlue, 3);
    private Size squareSize = new Size(10, 10);

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        DrawingVisual v = new DrawingVisual();
        DrawSquare(v, new Point(0, 0));
        drawingSurface.AddVisual(v);
        v = new DrawingVisual();
        DrawSquare(v, new Point(200, 200));
        drawingSurface.AddVisual(v);
    }

    private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
        double scale = 1000000;
        double xCenter = 0;
        double yCenter = 0;
        double xOffset = (drawingSurface.ActualHeight / 2.0 - xCenter);
        double yOffset = (drawingSurface.ActualWidth / 2.0 - yCenter);
        ScaleTransform st = new ScaleTransform(scale, scale);
        st.CenterX = xCenter;
        st.CenterY = yCenter;
        TranslateTransform tt = new TranslateTransform(xOffset, yOffset);
        tg.Children.Add(st);
        tg.Children.Add(tt);
        drawingSurface.RenderTransform = st;
    }

    private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
        double scale = 1000000;
        double xCenter = 200;
        double yCenter = 200;
        double xOffset = (drawingSurface.ActualHeight / 2.0 - xCenter);
        double yOffset = (drawingSurface.ActualWidth / 2.0 - yCenter);
        ScaleTransform st = new ScaleTransform(scale, scale);
        st.CenterX = xCenter;
        st.CenterY = yCenter;
        TranslateTransform tt = new TranslateTransform(xOffset, yOffset);
        tg.Children.Add(st);
        tg.Children.Add(tt);
        drawingSurface.RenderTransform = st;
    }

    private void button3_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        ScaleTransform st = new ScaleTransform(1, 1);
        drawingSurface.RenderTransform = st;
    }

    private void drawingSurface_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        Point pointClicked = e.GetPosition(drawingSurface);
        DrawingVisual visual = drawingSurface.GetVisual(pointClicked);
        if (visual != null)
        {
            // Calculate the top-left corner of the square.
            // This is done by looking at the current bounds and
            // removing half the border (pen thickness).
            // An alternate solution would be to store the top-left
            // point of every visual in a collection in the 
            // DrawingCanvas, and provide this point when hit testing.
            Point topLeftCorner = new Point(
                visual.ContentBounds.TopLeft.X ,
                visual.ContentBounds.TopLeft.Y );
            DrawSquare(visual, topLeftCorner);

            clickOffset = topLeftCorner - pointClicked;
            isDragging = true;

            if (selectedVisual != null && selectedVisual != visual)
            {
                // The selection has changed. Clear the previous selection.
                ClearSelection();
            }
            selectedVisual = visual;
        }          
    }

    // Rendering the square.
    private void DrawSquare(DrawingVisual visual, Point topLeftCorner)
    {
        using (DrawingContext dc = visual.RenderOpen())
        {
            Brush brush = drawingBrush;
            dc.DrawRectangle(brush, null,
                new Rect(topLeftCorner, squareSize));
        }
    }

    private void drawingSurface_MouseLeftButtonUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        isDragging = false;
    }

    private void ClearSelection()
    {
        Point topLeftCorner = new Point(
                    selectedVisual.ContentBounds.TopLeft.X ,
                    selectedVisual.ContentBounds.TopLeft.Y );
        DrawSquare(selectedVisual, topLeftCorner);
        selectedVisual = null;
    }

    private void drawingSurface_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (isDragging)
        {
            Point pointDragged = e.GetPosition(drawingSurface) + clickOffset;
            DrawSquare(selectedVisual, pointDragged);
        }
    }
 }
}

DrawingCanvas.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows;

namespace VisualTest
{
 public class DrawingCanvas : Panel
 {
    private List<Visual> visuals = new List<Visual>();

    protected override Visual GetVisualChild(int index)
    {
        return visuals[index];
    }
    protected override int VisualChildrenCount
    {
        get
        {
            return visuals.Count;
        }
    }

    public void AddVisual(Visual visual)
    {
        visuals.Add(visual);

        base.AddVisualChild(visual);
        base.AddLogicalChild(visual);
    }

    public void DeleteVisual(Visual visual)
    {
        visuals.Remove(visual);

        base.RemoveVisualChild(visual);
        base.RemoveLogicalChild(visual);            
    }

    public DrawingVisual GetVisual(Point point)
    {
        HitTestResult hitResult = VisualTreeHelper.HitTest(this, point);
        return hitResult.VisualHit as DrawingVisual;            
    }

    private List<DrawingVisual> hits = new List<DrawingVisual>();
    public List<DrawingVisual> GetVisuals(Geometry region)
    {
        hits.Clear();
        GeometryHitTestParameters parameters = new GeometryHitTestParameters(region);
        HitTestResultCallback callback = new HitTestResultCallback(this.HitTestCallback);
        VisualTreeHelper.HitTest(this, null, callback, parameters);
        return hits;
    }

    private HitTestResultBehavior HitTestCallback(HitTestResult result)
    {
        GeometryHitTestResult geometryResult = (GeometryHitTestResult)result;
        DrawingVisual visual = result.VisualHit as DrawingVisual;
        if (visual != null &&
            geometryResult.IntersectionDetail == IntersectionDetail.FullyInside)
        {
            hits.Add(visual);
        }
        return HitTestResultBehavior.Continue;
    }

 }
}

Систему перетаскивания необходимо переписать. Идея проста, но реализация немного сложна.

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