Что такое CURL в PHP?

Question

В PHP я вижу слово cURL во многих проектах PHP.Что это?Как это работает?

Ссылка: cURL

Answer 1

Класс php curl (GET, POST, ЗАГРУЗКА ФАЙЛОВ, СЕССИИ, ОТПРАВКА POST JSON, СИЛЬНО ПОДПИСАННЫЕ SSL / TLS):

<?php
    // Php curl class
    class Curl {

        public $error;

        function __construct() {}

        function Get($url = "http://hostname.x/api.php?q=jabadoo&txt=gin", $forceSsl = false,$cookie = "", $session = true){
            // $url = $url . "?". http_build_query($data);
            $ch = curl_init();
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);        
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
            if($session){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION, true );
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, 'cookies.txt');
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, 'cookies.txt');
            }
            if($forceSsl){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); // 1, 2
            }
            if(!empty($cookie)){            
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $cookie); // "token=12345"
            }
            $info = curl_getinfo($ch);
            $res = curl_exec($ch);        
            if (curl_error($ch)) {
                $this->error = curl_error($ch);
                throw new Exception($this->error);
            }else{
                curl_close($ch);
                return $res;
            }        
        }

        function GetArray($url = "http://hostname.x/api.php", $data = array("name" => "Max", "age" => "36"), $forceSsl = false, $cookie = "", $session = true){
            $url = $url . "?". http_build_query($data);
            $ch = curl_init();
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
            if($session){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION, true );
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, 'cookies.txt');
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, 'cookies.txt');
            }
            if($forceSsl){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); // 1, 2
            }
            if(!empty($cookie)){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $cookie); // "token=12345"
            }
            $info = curl_getinfo($ch);
            $res = curl_exec($ch);        
            if (curl_error($ch)) {
                $this->error = curl_error($ch);
                throw new Exception($this->error);
            }else{
                curl_close($ch);
                return $res;
            }        
        }

        function PostJson($url = "http://hostname.x/api.php", $data = array("name" => "Max", "age" => "36"), $forceSsl = false, $cookie = "", $session = true){
            $data = json_encode($data);
            $ch = curl_init($url);                                                                      
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);                                                                  
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
            if($session){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION, true );
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, 'cookies.txt');
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, 'cookies.txt');
            }
            if($forceSsl){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); // 1, 2
            }
            if(!empty($cookie)){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $cookie); // "token=12345"
            }
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array(
                'Authorization: Bearer helo29dasd8asd6asnav7ffa',                                                      
                'Content-Type: application/json',                                                                                
                'Content-Length: ' . strlen($data))                                                                       
            );        
            $res = curl_exec($ch);
            if (curl_error($ch)) {
                $this->error = curl_error($ch);
                throw new Exception($this->error);
            }else{
                curl_close($ch);
                return $res;
            } 
        }

        function Post($url = "http://hostname.x/api.php", $data = array("name" => "Max", "age" => "36"), $files = array('ads/ads0.jpg', 'ads/ads1.jpg'), $forceSsl = false, $cookie = "", $session = true){
            foreach ($files as $k => $v) {
                $f = realpath($v);
                if(file_exists($f)){
                    $fc = new CurlFile($f, mime_content_type($f), basename($f)); 
                    $data["file[".$k."]"] = $fc;
                }
            }
            $ch = curl_init();
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");        
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);    
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SAFE_UPLOAD, false); // !!!! required as of PHP 5.6.0 for files !!!
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-GB; rv:1.9.2) Gecko/20100115 Firefox/3.6 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
            if($session){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION, true );
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, 'cookies.txt');
                curl_setopt($ch , CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, 'cookies.txt');
            }
            if($forceSsl){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); // 1, 2
            }
            if(!empty($cookie)){
                curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $cookie); // "token=12345"
            }
            $res = curl_exec($ch);
            if (curl_error($ch)) {
                $this->error = curl_error($ch);
                throw new Exception($this->error);
            }else{
                curl_close($ch);
                return $res;
            } 
        }
    }
?>

Пример:

<?php
    $urlget = "http://hostname.x/api.php?id=123&user=bax";
    $url = "http://hostname.x/api.php";
    $data = array("name" => "Max", "age" => "36");
    $files = array('ads/ads0.jpg', 'ads/ads1.jpg');

    $curl = new Curl();
    echo $curl->Get($urlget, true, "token=12345");
    echo $curl->GetArray($url, $data, true);
    echo $curl->Post($url, $data, $files, true);
    echo $curl->PostJson($url, $data, true);
?>

Php файл: api.php

<?php
    /*
    $Cookie = session_get_cookie_params();
    print_r($Cookie);
    */
    session_set_cookie_params(9000, '/', 'hostname.x', isset($_SERVER["HTTPS"]), true);
    session_start();

    $_SESSION['cnt']++;
    echo "Session count: " . $_SESSION['cnt']. "\r\n";
    echo $json = file_get_contents('php://input');
    $arr = json_decode($json, true);
    echo "<pre>";
    if(!empty($json)){ print_r($arr); }
    if(!empty($_GET)){ print_r($_GET); }
    if(!empty($_POST)){ print_r($_POST); }
    if(!empty($_FILES)){ print_r($_FILES); }
    // request headers
    print_r(getallheaders());
    print_r(apache_response_headers());
    // Fetch a list of headers to be sent.
    // print_r(headers_list());
?>