Чтение / запись в реестр Windows с использованием Java

Question

Как можно читать / записывать в реестр Windows, используя Java?

Answer 1

В ответ Давиду ответ - я бы сделал несколько улучшений:

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.prefs.Preferences;

public class WinRegistry {

    public static final int HKEY_CURRENT_USER = 0x80000001,
            HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE = 0x80000002,
            REG_SUCCESS = 0,
            REG_NOTFOUND = 2,
            REG_ACCESSDENIED = 5,
            KEY_ALL_ACCESS = 0xf003f,
            KEY_READ = 0x20019;
    private static final Preferences userRoot = Preferences.userRoot(),
            systemRoot = Preferences.systemRoot();
    private static final Class<? extends Preferences> userClass = userRoot.getClass();
    private static Method regOpenKey,
            regCloseKey,
            regQueryValueEx,
            regEnumValue,
            regQueryInfoKey,
            regEnumKeyEx,
            regCreateKeyEx,
            regSetValueEx,
            regDeleteKey,
            regDeleteValue;

    static {
        try {
            (regOpenKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegOpenKey", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class, int.class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regCloseKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegCloseKey", new Class[]{int.class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regQueryValueEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegQueryValueEx", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regEnumValue = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegEnumValue", new Class[]{int.class, int.class, int.class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regQueryInfoKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegQueryInfoKey1", new Class[]{int.class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regEnumKeyEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegEnumKeyEx", new Class[]{int.class, int.class, int.class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regCreateKeyEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegCreateKeyEx", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regSetValueEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegSetValueEx", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regDeleteValue = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegDeleteValue", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
            (regDeleteKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegDeleteKey", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(WinRegistry.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read a value from key and value name
     *
     * @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
     * @param key
     * @param valueName
     * @return the value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static String readString(int hkey, String key, String valueName) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                return readString(systemRoot, hkey, key, valueName);
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                return readString(userRoot, hkey, key, valueName);
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read value(s) and value name(s) form given key
     *
     * @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
     * @param key
     * @return the value name(s) plus the value(s)
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static Map<String, String> readStringValues(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                return readStringValues(systemRoot, hkey, key);
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                return readStringValues(userRoot, hkey, key);
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read the value name(s) from a given key
     *
     * @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
     * @param key
     * @return the value name(s)
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static List<String> readStringSubKeys(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                return readStringSubKeys(systemRoot, hkey, key);
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                return readStringSubKeys(userRoot, hkey, key);
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a key
     *
     * @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
     * @param key
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static void createKey(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int[] ret;
        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                ret = createKey(systemRoot, hkey, key);
                regCloseKey.invoke(systemRoot, new Object[]{ret[0]});
                break;
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                ret = createKey(userRoot, hkey, key);
                regCloseKey.invoke(userRoot, new Object[]{ret[0]});
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
        }

        if (ret[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("rc=" + ret[1] + " key=" + key);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write a value in a given key/value name
     *
     * @param hkey
     * @param key
     * @param valueName
     * @param value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static void writeStringValue(int hkey, String key, String valueName, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                writeStringValue(systemRoot, hkey, key, valueName, value);
                break;
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                writeStringValue(userRoot, hkey, key, valueName, value);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Delete a given key
     *
     * @param hkey
     * @param key
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static void deleteKey(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int rc = -1;
        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                rc = deleteKey(systemRoot, hkey, key);
                break;
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                rc = deleteKey(userRoot, hkey, key);
        }

        if (rc != REG_SUCCESS) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("rc=" + rc + " key=" + key);
        }
    }

    /**
     * delete a value from a given key/value name
     *
     * @param hkey
     * @param key
     * @param value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    public static void deleteValue(int hkey, String key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int rc = -1;
        switch (hkey) {
            case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
                rc = deleteValue(systemRoot, hkey, key, value);
                break;
            case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
                rc = deleteValue(userRoot, hkey, key, value);
        }

        if (rc != REG_SUCCESS) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("rc=" + rc + " key=" + key + " value=" + value);
        }
    }

    private static int deleteValue(Preferences root, int hkey, String key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_ALL_ACCESS});
        if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
            return handles[1];//Can be REG_NOTFOUND, REG_ACCESSDENIED
        }
        int rc = ((Integer) regDeleteValue.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], toCstr(value)}));
        regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
        return rc;
    }

    private static int deleteKey(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int rc = ((Integer) regDeleteKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key)}));
        return rc;  //Can be REG_NOTFOUND, REG_ACCESSDENIED, REG_SUCCESS
    }

    private static String readString(Preferences root, int hkey, String key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_READ});
        if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
            return null;
        }
        byte[] valb = (byte[]) regQueryValueEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], toCstr(value)});
        regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
        return (valb != null ? new String(valb).trim() : null);
    }

    private static Map<String, String> readStringValues(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        HashMap<String, String> results = new HashMap<>();
        int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_READ});
        if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
            return null;
        }
        int[] info = (int[]) regQueryInfoKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});

        int count = info[0]; //Count  
        int maxlen = info[3]; //Max value length
        for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
            byte[] name = (byte[]) regEnumValue.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], index, maxlen + 1});
            String value = readString(hkey, key, new String(name));
            results.put(new String(name).trim(), value);
        }
        regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
        return results;
    }

    private static List<String> readStringSubKeys(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        List<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
        int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_READ});
        if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
            return null;
        }
        int[] info = (int[]) regQueryInfoKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});

        int count = info[0];//Count
        int maxlen = info[3]; //Max value length
        for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
            byte[] name = (byte[]) regEnumKeyEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], index, maxlen + 1});
            results.add(new String(name).trim());
        }
        regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
        return results;
    }

    private static int[] createKey(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        return (int[]) regCreateKeyEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key)});
    }

    private static void writeStringValue(Preferences root, int hkey, String key, String valueName, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {

        int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_ALL_ACCESS});
        regSetValueEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], toCstr(valueName), toCstr(value)});
        regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
    }

    private static byte[] toCstr(String str) {

        byte[] result = new byte[str.length() + 1];
        for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
            result[i] = (byte) str.charAt(i);
        }
        result[str.length()] = 0;
        return result;
    }
}

Answer 2

Это было сумасшествие ... Я взял код из одного из постов здесь, не смог увидеть еще 18 комментариев, в которых говорилось, что он не читает значение dword ...

В любом случае, я преобразил адский код в нечто с меньшим количеством ifs и методов ...

Enum может быть немного улучшен, но как только я попытался прочитать числовое значение или байтовый массив и потерпел неудачу, я сдался ...

Итак, вот оно:

package com.nu.art.software.utils;


import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.prefs.Preferences;

/**
 *
 * @author TacB0sS
 */
public class WinRegistry_TacB0sS {

    public static final class RegistryException
            extends Exception {

        private static final long serialVersionUID = -8799947496460994651L;

        public RegistryException(String message, Throwable e) {
            super(message, e);
        }

        public RegistryException(String message) {
            super(message);
        }


    }

    public static final int KEY_WOW64_32KEY = 0x0200;

    public static final int KEY_WOW64_64KEY = 0x0100;

    public static final int REG_SUCCESS = 0;

    public static final int REG_NOTFOUND = 2;

    public static final int REG_ACCESSDENIED = 5;

    private static final int KEY_ALL_ACCESS = 0xf003f;

    private static final int KEY_READ = 0x20019;

    public enum WinRegistryKey {
        User(Preferences.userRoot(), 0x80000001), ;

        // System(Preferences.systemRoot(), 0x80000002);

        private final Preferences preferencesRoot;

        private final Integer key;

        private WinRegistryKey(Preferences preferencesRoot, int key) {
            this.preferencesRoot = preferencesRoot;
            this.key = key;
        }
    }

    private enum WinRegistryMethod {
        OpenKey("WindowsRegOpenKey", int.class, byte[].class, int.class) {

            @Override
            protected void verifyReturnValue(Object retValue)
                    throws RegistryException {
                int[] retVal = (int[]) retValue;
                if (retVal[1] != REG_SUCCESS)
                    throw new RegistryException("Action Failed, Return Code: " + retVal[1]);
            }
        },
        CreateKeyEx("WindowsRegCreateKeyEx", int.class, byte[].class) {

            @Override
            protected void verifyReturnValue(Object retValue)
                    throws RegistryException {
                int[] retVal = (int[]) retValue;
                if (retVal[1] != REG_SUCCESS)
                    throw new RegistryException("Action Failed, Return Code: " + retVal[1]);
            }
        },
        DeleteKey("WindowsRegDeleteKey", int.class, byte[].class) {

            @Override
            protected void verifyReturnValue(Object retValue)
                    throws RegistryException {
                int retVal = ((Integer) retValue).intValue();
                if (retVal != REG_SUCCESS)
                    throw new RegistryException("Action Failed, Return Code: " + retVal);
            }
        },
        DeleteValue("WindowsRegDeleteValue", int.class, byte[].class) {

            @Override
            protected void verifyReturnValue(Object retValue)
                    throws RegistryException {
                int retVal = ((Integer) retValue).intValue();
                if (retVal != REG_SUCCESS)
                    throw new RegistryException("Action Failed, Return Code: " + retVal);
            }
        },
        CloseKey("WindowsRegCloseKey", int.class),
        QueryValueEx("WindowsRegQueryValueEx", int.class, byte[].class),
        EnumKeyEx("WindowsRegEnumKeyEx", int.class, int.class, int.class),
        EnumValue("WindowsRegEnumValue", int.class, int.class, int.class),
        QueryInfoKey("WindowsRegQueryInfoKey", int.class),
        SetValueEx("WindowsRegSetValueEx", int.class, byte[].class, byte[].class);

        private Method method;

        private WinRegistryMethod(String methodName, Class<?>... classes) {
            // WinRegistryKey.User.preferencesRoot.getClass().getMDeclaredMethods()
            try {
                method = WinRegistryKey.User.preferencesRoot.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, classes);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.err.println("Error");
                System.err.println(e);
            }
            method.setAccessible(true);
        }

        public Object invoke(Preferences root, Object... objects)
                throws RegistryException {
            Object retValue;
            try {
                retValue = method.invoke(root, objects);
                verifyReturnValue(retValue);
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                String params = "";
                if (objects.length > 0) {
                    params = objects[0].toString();
                    for (int i = 1; i < objects.length; i++) {
                        params += ", " + objects[i];
                    }
                }
                throw new RegistryException("Error invoking method: " + method + ", with params: (" + params + ")", e);
            }
            return retValue;
        }

        protected void verifyReturnValue(Object retValue)
                throws RegistryException {}
    }

    private WinRegistry_TacB0sS() {}

    public static String readString(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key, String valueName)
            throws RegistryException {
        int retVal = ((int[]) WinRegistryMethod.OpenKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key),
                new Integer(KEY_READ)))[0];

        byte[] retValue = (byte[]) WinRegistryMethod.QueryValueEx.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal,
                toCstr(valueName));
        WinRegistryMethod.CloseKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);

        /*
         * Should this return an Empty String.
         */
        return (retValue != null ? new String(retValue).trim() : null);
    }

    public static Map<String, String> readStringValues(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key)
            throws RegistryException {
        HashMap<String, String> results = new HashMap<String, String>();
        int retVal = ((int[]) WinRegistryMethod.OpenKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key),
                new Integer(KEY_READ)))[0];

        int[] info = (int[]) WinRegistryMethod.QueryInfoKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);

        int count = info[2]; // count
        int maxlen = info[3]; // value length max
        for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
            byte[] name = (byte[]) WinRegistryMethod.EnumValue.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal,
                    new Integer(index), new Integer(maxlen + 1));
            String value = readString(regKey, key, new String(name));
            results.put(new String(name).trim(), value);
        }

        WinRegistryMethod.CloseKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);
        return results;
    }

    public static List<String> readStringSubKeys(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key)
            throws RegistryException {
        List<String> results = new ArrayList<String>();
        int retVal = ((int[]) WinRegistryMethod.OpenKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key),
                new Integer(KEY_READ)))[0];

        int[] info = (int[]) WinRegistryMethod.QueryInfoKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);

        int count = info[0]; // Fix: info[2] was being used here with wrong results. Suggested by davenpcj, confirmed by
                                // Petrucio
        int maxlen = info[3]; // value length max
        for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
            byte[] name = (byte[]) WinRegistryMethod.EnumValue.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal,
                    new Integer(index), new Integer(maxlen + 1));
            results.add(new String(name).trim());
        }

        WinRegistryMethod.CloseKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);
        return results;
    }

    public static void createKey(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key)
            throws RegistryException {
        int[] retVal = (int[]) WinRegistryMethod.CreateKeyEx.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key));
        WinRegistryMethod.CloseKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal[0]);
    }

    public static void writeStringValue(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key, String valueName, String value)
            throws RegistryException {
        int retVal = ((int[]) WinRegistryMethod.OpenKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key),
                new Integer(KEY_ALL_ACCESS)))[0];

        WinRegistryMethod.SetValueEx.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal, toCstr(valueName), toCstr(value));
        WinRegistryMethod.CloseKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);
    }

    public static void deleteKey(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key)
            throws RegistryException {
        WinRegistryMethod.DeleteKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key));
    }

    public static void deleteValue(WinRegistryKey regKey, String key, String value)
            throws RegistryException {
        int retVal = ((int[]) WinRegistryMethod.OpenKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, regKey.key, toCstr(key),
                new Integer(KEY_ALL_ACCESS)))[0];
        WinRegistryMethod.DeleteValue.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal, toCstr(value));
        WinRegistryMethod.CloseKey.invoke(regKey.preferencesRoot, retVal);
    }

    // utility
    private static byte[] toCstr(String str) {
        byte[] result = new byte[str.length() + 1];

        for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
            result[i] = (byte) str.charAt(i);
        }
        result[str.length()] = '\0';
        return result;
    }
}

ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: ЭТО НИЧЕГО НЕ ЧИТАЕТ, НО НЕТ СТРОК !!!!!

Answer 3

В демоверсии WinPack есть средство просмотра реестра реализовано в качестве примера.

Проверить на http://www.jniwrapper.com/winpack_features.jsp#registry

Кстати, WinPack был перемещен по следующему адресу:

http://www.teamdev.com/jniwrapper/winpack/

Answer 4

Хотя это довольно старое, но я думаю, что лучшая утилита для использования на платформе Windows будет regini:

Один вызов для обработки:

Runtime.getRuntime().exec("regini <your script file abs path here>");

сделает всю магию. Я попробовал это, делая jar как службу Windows, используя servany.exe, который требует внесения изменений в реестр для добавления аргументов javaw.exe, и он работает отлично. Вы можете прочитать это: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/264584