Вот как вы можете конвертировать SQL-запрос.
$result = DB::table(DB::raw('vehicles v, school_van_routes sr, routes_schools rs, school_route_check_points cp, van_drivers vd, van_owners vo'))
->select(DB::raw("vd.photo, CONCAT(vd.firstName,' ',vd.lastName) as FullName, v.photo, v.vehicleModel, sr.tripType, sr.schoolTime, GROUP_CONCAT( rs.schoolName SEPARATOR ' ') as School_Name, GROUP_CONCAT( cp.checkPoint SEPARATOR ' ') as CheckPoints"))
->whereRaw('v.numberPlate=sr.selectVehicle')
->whereRaw('sr.id=rs.routeId')
->whereRaw('sr.id= cp.routeId')
->whereRaw('v.vanOwnerEmail=vo.email')
->whereRaw('vo.email =vd.email')
->groupBy('v.id', 'v.photo', 'vd.photo', 'v.vehicleModel', 'sr.tripType', 'sr.schoolTime')
->get();
dd($result);