Вы можете использовать itertools.groupby
:
import itertools, re
lst = ['orb|2|3|4', 'obx|2|3|4', 'orb|2|3|4', 'obx|1|2|3', 'obx|1|2|3','obx|1|2|3']
new_result = [list(b) for _, b in itertools.groupby(lst, key=lambda x:re.findall('^\w+', x)[0])]
final_result = [new_result[i]+new_result[i+1] for i in range(0, len(new_result), 2)]
Выход:
[['orb|2|3|4', 'obx|2|3|4'], ['orb|2|3|4', 'obx|1|2|3', 'obx|1|2|3', 'obx|1|2|3']]