вы можете использовать .value_counts().head().plot(kind='bar')
например:
df = pd.DataFrame({'a':[1,1,2,3,5,8,1,5,6,9,8,7,5,6,7],'b':[1,1,2,3,3,3,4,5,6,7,7,7,7,8,2]})
df
a b
0 1 1
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 5 3
5 8 3
6 1 4
7 5 5
8 6 6
9 9 7
10 8 7
11 7 7
12 5 7
13 6 8
14 7 2
df.b.value_counts().head() # count values of column 'b' and show only top 5 values
7 4
3 3
2 2
1 2
8 1
Name: b, dtype: int64
df.b.value_counts().head().plot(kind='bar') #create bar plot for top values
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