У меня проблема с установлением соединения с базой данных MySQL.
У меня есть следующий код:
connection_string = "mysql+mysqldb://{user}:{password}@{host}/{database}?charset=utf8mb4".format(
user=config[db]["user"], password=config[db]["password"],
host=config[db]["host"], database=config[db]["database"])
sqlalchemy_engine = sqla.create_engine(connection_string, convert_unicode=True)
Этот код генерирует следующую ошибку:
File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/__init__.py", line 419, in create_engine
return strategy.create(*args, **kwargs)
File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py", line 80, in create
dbapi = dialect_cls.dbapi(**dbapi_args)
File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mysql/mysqldb.py", line 102, in dbapi
return __import__('MySQLdb')
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
Когда я пытаюсь: pip install mysql, я получаю следующую ошибку:
Collecting mysql
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bf/5f/b574ac9f70811df0540e403309f349a8b9fa1a25d3653824c32e52cc1f28/mysql-0.0.2.tar.gz
Collecting MySQL-python (from mysql)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a5/e9/51b544da85a36a68debe7a7091f068d802fc515a3a202652828c73453cad/MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip
Installing collected packages: MySQL-python, mysql
Running setup.py install for MySQL-python ... error
Complete output from command /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/m_/1hdjmg3534j3jl96kh6r9t6w0000gn/T/pip-install-RmAaRZ/MySQL-python/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /private/var/folders/m_/1hdjmg3534j3jl96kh6r9t6w0000gn/T/pip-record-oxkJoN/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7
copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7
creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb
creating build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/MySQLdb/constants
running build_ext
building '_mysql' extension
creating build/temp.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7
cc -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -Dversion_info=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.24/include/mysql -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.o
In file included from _mysql.c:44:
/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.24/include/mysql/my_config.h:174:9: warning: 'SIZEOF_LONG' macro redefined [-Wmacro-redefined]
#define SIZEOF_LONG 8
^
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7/pymacconfig.h:54:17: note: previous definition is here
# define SIZEOF_LONG 4
^
In file included from _mysql.c:44:
/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.24/include/mysql/my_config.h:179:9: warning: 'SIZEOF_TIME_T' macro redefined [-Wmacro-redefined]
#define SIZEOF_TIME_T 8
^
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7/pymacconfig.h:57:17: note: previous definition is here
# define SIZEOF_TIME_T 4
^
2 warnings generated.
_mysql.c:287:14: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'Py_ssize_t' (aka 'long') to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
cmd_argc = PySequence_Size(cmd_args);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:317:12: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'Py_ssize_t' (aka 'long') to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
groupc = PySequence_Size(groups);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:470:14: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'Py_ssize_t' (aka 'long') to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
int j, n2=PySequence_Size(fun);
~~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1127:9: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = mysql_real_escape_string(&(self->connection), out, in, size);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1129:9: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = mysql_escape_string(out, in, size);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1168:9: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'Py_ssize_t' (aka 'long') to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
size = PyString_GET_SIZE(s);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7/stringobject.h:92:32: note: expanded from macro 'PyString_GET_SIZE'
#define PyString_GET_SIZE(op) Py_SIZE(op)
^~~~~~~~~~~
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7/object.h:116:56: note: expanded from macro 'Py_SIZE'
#define Py_SIZE(ob) (((PyVarObject*)(ob))->ob_size)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1178:9: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = mysql_real_escape_string(&(self->connection), out+1, in, size);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1180:9: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = mysql_escape_string(out+1, in, size);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1274:11: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'Py_ssize_t' (aka 'long') to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
if ((n = PyObject_Length(o)) == -1) goto error;
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7/abstract.h:434:25: note: expanded from macro 'PyObject_Length'
#define PyObject_Length PyObject_Size
^
_mysql.c:1466:10: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = strlen(buf);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1468:10: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = strlen(buf);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1504:11: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = strlen(buf);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~
_mysql.c:1506:11: warning: implicit conversion loses integer precision: 'unsigned long' to 'int' [-Wshorten-64-to-32]
len = strlen(buf);
~ ^~~~~~~~~~~
13 warnings generated.
cc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -Wl,-F. build/temp.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.o -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql@5.7/5.7.24/lib -lmysqlclient -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.so
ld: library not found for -lssl
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1
Если честно, я понятия не имею, что здесь происходит (pip install mysql-python генерирует точно такую же ошибку, как и pip install oursql и pip install mysqlclient). Я понял, что cc - это c-компилятор. Я установил это (GCC). Кто-нибудь может помочь?