Еще один способ сделать это, используя array_combine()
<?php
$ar1 = ["Dublin", "Budapest", "Copenhagen"];
$ar2 = ["Ireland", "Hungary", "Denmark"];
$result = array_combine($ar2,$ar1);
$ANSWER = '';
$i = 0;
$comma = ', ';
$len = count($result);
foreach($result as $country => $capital) {
if ($i == $len - 1){
$comma='';
}
$ANSWER .= $country . ' = ' . $capital.$comma;
$i++;
}
echo $ANSWER;
ДЕМО: https://3v4l.org/WGtJ3
Использование array_map()
$ar1 = ["Dublin", "Budapest", "Copenhagen"];
$ar2 = ["Ireland", "Hungary", "Denmark"];
$input = array_combine($ar2,$ar1);
$output = implode(', ', array_map(
function ($v, $k) { return sprintf("%s=%s", $k, $v); },
$input,
array_keys($input)
));
echo $output;
DEMO: https://3v4l.org/qps1G