Вот еще одно решение, которое больше соответствует ожидаемому результату.
df = pd.DataFrame({'Year': [1978,1990,1990,1990,1998,1998,1998,1998,1998],
'Month': [1,1,2,2,1,1,2,3,1],
'Region': ['South','North','South','Mid West','South','North','South','South','Mid West'],
'Value' : [1,22,33,12,1,12,2,4,2]})
#DataFrame Result
Year Month Region Value
0 1978 1 South 1
1 1990 1 North 22
2 1990 2 South 33
3 1990 2 Mid West 12
4 1998 1 South 1
5 1998 1 North 12
6 1998 2 South 2
7 1998 3 South 4
8 1998 1 Mid West 2
Код для запуска:
df1 = df.groupby(['Month','Region']).sum()
df1 = df1.drop('Year',axis=1)
df1 = df1.sort_values(['Month','Region'])
#Final Result
Month Region Value
1 Mid West 2
1 North 34
1 South 2
2 Mid West 12
2 South 35
3 South 4