Ответ от @Naga Kiran великолепен.Я обновил все решение здесь:
import pandas as pd
df1 = pd.DataFrame(
{'wave' : [4050.32, 4208.98, 4374.94, 4379.74, 4398.01, 5520.50],
'num' : [3, 5, 9, 9, 14, 1],
'stlines' : [0.28269, 0.48122, 0.71483, 0.31404, 0.50415, 0.06148],
'fwhm' : [0.07365, 0.08765, 0.11429, 0.09107, 0.09845, 0.12556],
'EWs' : [22.16080, 44.90035, 86.96497, 30.44271, 52.83236, 8.21685],
'MeasredWave' : [4050.311360, 4208.972962, 4374.927110, 4379.760601, 4398.007473, 5520.484742]},
index=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
df2 = pd.DataFrame(
{'wave' : [4050.32, 4208.98, 4374.94, 4379.74, 4398.01, 4502.21, 4508.28, 4512.99, 5520.50],
'num' : [3, 6, 9, 10, 15, 9, 3, 2, 1],
'stlines' : [0.28616, 0.48781, 0.71548, 0.31338, 0.49950, 0.56362, 0.69554, 0.20486, 0.06148],
'fwhm' : [0.07521, 0.08573, 0.11437, 0.09098, 0.08612, 0.10114, 0.11600, 0.08891, 0.12556],
'EWs' : [22.91064, 44.51609, 87.10152, 30.34791, 45.78707, 60.67868, 85.88428, 19.38745, 8.21685],
'MeasredWave' : [4050.327388, 4208.990029, 4374.944513, 4379.778009, 4398.020367, 4502.223123, 4508.291777, 4512.999332, 5520.484742]},
index=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
df3 = pd.merge(df1, df2, on='wave', how='outer')
df4 = df3.rename(columns = lambda x: x.split('_')[0]).T
df5 = df4.groupby(df4.index).mean().T
df6 = df5[['wave', 'num', 'stlines', 'fwhm', 'EWs', 'MeasredWave']]
df7 = df6.sort_values('wave', ascending = True).reset_index(drop=True)
df7