Полагаю, вы хотите самую длинную неперекрывающуюся подстроку.Здесь есть хорошее объяснение решения динамического программирования здесь .
x = c("X", "A", "B", "C", "A", "F", "U", "A", "B", "C", "F", "U")
n = length(x)
m1 = sapply(x, function(i) sapply(x, function(j) as.integer(i == j)))
diag(m1) = 0
m1[lower.tri(m1)] = 0
m1
# X A B C A F U A B C F U
# X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# A 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
# B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
# C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
# A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
# F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
# U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
# A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m2 = m1
for (i in 2:nrow(m1)){
for (j in 2:nrow(m1)){
if (m1[i-1, j-1] == 1 & m1[i, j] == 1){
if (j - i > m2[i - 1, j - 1]){
m2[i, j] = m2[i - 1, j - 1] + m2[i, j]
m2[i - 1, j - 1] = 0
} else {
m2[i, j] = 0
}
}
}
}
m2
# X A B C A F U A B C F U
# X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# A 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0
# A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
# F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
# A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
# U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ans_len = max(m2)
inds = c(which(m2 == ans_len, arr.ind = TRUE)[,2])
lapply(inds, function(ind) x[(ind - ans_len + 1):ind])
# [[1]]
# [1] "A" "B" "C"