Как создать список чисел в C ++, чтобы он мог выбрать случайное число? - PullRequest
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Как создать список чисел в C ++, чтобы он мог выбрать случайное число?

1 голос
/ 26 сентября 2019

Здравствуйте, у меня здесь есть фрагмент кода в C ++, который порождает красное поле в Gazebo в позиции 'y', которая находится здесь, переменная spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.y .Я хочу создать список чисел, например [-0.2, -0.3, -0.4,0.4,0.5] и выбрать случайное число для этой переменной, чтобы случайным образом появилось красное поле в любой позиции «у».

int i = 0; 

  while (ros::ok()){
      std::string index = intToString(i);
      std::string model_name;

      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.y = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX) * 0.4;  // random between -0.4 to 0.4
      ROS_INFO_STREAM("y position of new box: "
      << spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.y);

      model_name = "red_blocks_" + index;  // initialize model_name
      spawn_model_req.model_name = model_name;
      spawn_model_req.robot_namespace = model_name;
      spawn_model_req.model_xml = red_xmlStr;

PS: я приложил полный код ниже 

// spawn the red blocks on the conveyor belt
// and give them initial speed (by apply_body_wrench) to slide on conveyor

//ros communications:
  // spawn model throught gazebo service: /gazebo/spawn_urdf_model
  // initialize blocks speed: /gazebo/apply_body_wrench
  // get urdf file path of blocks from parameter servicer
  //publish all current blocks through topic: /current_blocks

  #include <ros/ros.h>
  #include <iostream>
  #include <sstream>
  #include <fstream>
  #include <string>
  #include <urdf/model.h>
  #include <gazebo_msgs/SpawnModel.h>
  #include <gazebo_msgs/ApplyBodyWrench.h>
  #include <std_msgs/Int8MultiArray.h>
  #include <gazebo_msgs/SetModelState.h>

  //int to string converter
  std::string intToString (int a) {
     std::stringstream ss;
     ss << a;
     return ss.str();
  }

  int main(int argc, char **argv) {
      ros::init(argc, argv, "blocks_spawner");
      ros::NodeHandle nh;
      srand(time(0));
      //service client for service /gazebo/spawn_urdf_model
      ros::ServiceClient spawnClient = nh.serviceClient<gazebo_msgs::SpawnModel>("/gazebo/spawn_urdf_model");
      gazebo_msgs::SpawnModel::Request spawn_model_req;
      gazebo_msgs::SpawnModel::Response spawn_model_resp;

      ros::ServiceClient wrenchClient = nh.serviceClient<gazebo_msgs::ApplyBodyWrench>("/gazebo/apply_body_wrench");
      gazebo_msgs::ApplyBodyWrench::Request apply_wrench_req;
      gazebo_msgs::ApplyBodyWrench::Response apply_wrench_resp;

      ros::ServiceClient setstateClient = nh.serviceClient<gazebo_msgs::SetModelState>("/gazebo/set_model_state");
      gazebo_msgs::ApplyBodyWrench::Request set_state_req;
      gazebo_msgs::ApplyBodyWrench::Response set_state_resp;

      //publisher for current_blocks
      ros::Publisher current_blocks_publisher = nh.advertise<std_msgs::Int8MultiArray>("current_blocks",1);
      std_msgs::Int8MultiArray current_blocks_msg;
      current_blocks_msg.data.clear();

      // make sure /gazebo/spawn_urdf_model service is service_ready
      bool service_ready = false;
      while (!service_ready){
        service_ready = ros::service::exists("/gazebo/spawn_urdf_model", true);
        ROS_INFO("waiting for spawn_urdf_model service");
        ros::Duration(0.5).sleep();
      }
      ROS_INFO("spawn_urdf_model service is ready");

      service_ready = false;
      while (!service_ready) {
          service_ready = ros::service::exists("/gazebo/apply_body_wrench", true);
          ROS_INFO("waiting for apply_body_wrench service");
          ros::Duration(0.5).sleep();
      }
      ROS_INFO("apply_body_wrench service is ready");

      service_ready = false;
      while (!service_ready) {
          service_ready = ros::service::exists("/gazebo/set_model_state", true);
          ROS_INFO("waiting for set_model_state service");
          ros::Duration(0.5).sleep();
      }
      ROS_INFO("set_model_state service is ready");

      //get file path of blocks from parameter service
      std::string red_box_path;
      bool get_red_path;
      get_red_path = nh.getParam("/red_box_path", red_box_path);

      if (!(get_red_path)){
          return 0;}
          else{ROS_INFO_STREAM(red_box_path << " has been extracted");
}

      std::ifstream red_inXml(red_box_path.c_str());
      std::stringstream red_strStream;
      std::string red_xmlStr;

      /*red_inXml.open(red_box_path.c_str());*/
      red_strStream << red_inXml.rdbuf();
      red_xmlStr = red_strStream.str();
     // ROS_INFO_STREAM("urdf: \n" <<red_xmlStr);
      // prepare the pawn model service message
      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.x = 2;
      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.z = 0.2;
      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.orientation.x=0.0;
      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.orientation.y=0.0;
      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.orientation.z=0.0;
      spawn_model_req.initial_pose.orientation.w=1.0;
      spawn_model_req.reference_frame = "world";

      ros::Time time_temp(0, 0);
      ros::Duration duration_temp(0, 1000000);
      apply_wrench_req.wrench.force.x = -5.1;
      apply_wrench_req.wrench.force.y = 0.0;
      apply_wrench_req.wrench.force.z = 0.0;
      apply_wrench_req.start_time = time_temp;
      apply_wrench_req.duration = duration_temp;
      apply_wrench_req.reference_frame = "world";

      int i = 0;

      while (ros::ok()){
          std::string index = intToString(i);
          std::string model_name;

          spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.y = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX) * 0.4;  // random between -0.4 to 0.4
          ROS_INFO_STREAM("y position of new box: "
          << spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.y);

          model_name = "red_blocks_" + index;  // initialize model_name
          spawn_model_req.model_name = model_name;
          spawn_model_req.robot_namespace = model_name;
          spawn_model_req.model_xml = red_xmlStr;

          bool call_service = spawnClient.call(spawn_model_req, spawn_model_resp);
          if (call_service) {
              if (spawn_model_resp.success) {
                  ROS_INFO_STREAM(model_name << " has been spawned");
              }
              else {
                  ROS_INFO_STREAM(model_name << " spawn failed");
              }
          }
          else {
              ROS_INFO("fail in first call");
              ROS_ERROR("fail to connect with gazebo server");
              return 0;
          }

          // prepare apply body wrench service message
          apply_wrench_req.body_name = model_name + "::base_link";

          // call apply body wrench service
          call_service = wrenchClient.call(apply_wrench_req, apply_wrench_resp);
          if (call_service) {
              if (apply_wrench_resp.success) {
                  ROS_INFO_STREAM(model_name << " speed initialized");
              }
              else {
                  ROS_INFO_STREAM(model_name << " fail to initialize speed");
              }
          }
          else {
              ROS_ERROR("fail to connect with gazebo server");
              return 0;
          }

          // publish current cylinder blocks status, all cylinder blocks will be published
          // no matter if it's successfully spawned, or successfully initialized in speed
          current_blocks_publisher.publish(current_blocks_msg);

          // loop end, increase index by 1, add blank line
          i = i + 1;
          ROS_INFO_STREAM("");

          ros::spinOnce();
          ros::Duration(20.0).sleep();  // frequency control, spawn one cylinder in each loop
          // delay time decides density of the cylinders


      }
      return 0;
  }

Ответы [ 2 ]

2 голосов
/ 26 сентября 2019

В <random> и <algorithm> объектах вы можете сделать:

в C ++ 17: 

std::mt19937 rnd{std::random_device{}()}; // Probably created in main

const std::vector<double> ys = {-0.2, -0.3, -0.4, 0.4, 0.5};
double y; // result
std::sample(ys.begin(), ys.end(), &y, 1, rnd); // C++17

Демо

В C ++ 11: 

std::mt19937 rnd{std::random_device{}()}; // Probably created in main

const std::vector<double> ys = {-0.2, -0.3, -0.4, 0.4, 0.5};
std::uniform_int_distribution<> dis(0, ys.size() - 1);
double y = ys[dis(rnd)];

Демонстрация

0 голосов
/ 26 сентября 2019

Как насчет хранения значений в std :: vector и случайного выбора одного элемента по его индексу? 

std::vector<double> values {-0.2,-0.3,-0.4,0.4,0.5};
int index = (float)rand()/RAND_MAX * values.size();

spawn_model_req.initial_pose.position.y = values[index];
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