Это вопрос о пробелах и островах.
Попробуйте это
DECLARE @SampleData TABLE ( [Date] DATE, [Version] INT)
INSERT INTO @SampleData ([Date], [Version])
VALUES
('01-10-2019', 1), ('02-10-2019', 1), ('15-10-2019', 1),
('16-10-2019', 2), ('17-10-2019', 2),('26-10-2019', 2),
('27-10-2019', 1), ('28-10-2019', 1), ('30-10-2019', 1)
SELECT
Y.[Version]
,PeriodFrom = MIN(Y.[Date])
,PeriodTo = MAX(Y.[Date])
FROM(
SELECT
X.[Version]
,X.[Date]
,ISLAND = RN-ROW_NUMBER()OVER( PARTITION BY X.[Version] ORDER BY X.[Date])
FROM(
SELECT
RN=ROW_NUMBER()OVER( ORDER BY S.[Date])
,S.[Date]
,S.[Version]
FROM
@SampleData S
) X
) Y
GROUP BY
Y.[Version], Y.ISLAND
ORDER BY
PeriodFrom
Вывод
Version PeriodFrom PeriodTo
1 2019-10-01 2019-10-15
2 2019-10-16 2019-10-26
1 2019-10-27 2019-10-30