Вы можете использовать list 1,10000, где 10000 - это достаточно большое число, так что размер файла, который вы отлаживаете, меньше этого достаточно большого числа. См. Встроенную справку GDB:
(gdb) help list
List specified function or line.
With no argument, lists ten more lines after or around previous listing.
"list -" lists the ten lines before a previous ten-line listing.
One argument specifies a line, and ten lines are listed around that line.
Two arguments with comma between specify starting and ending lines to list.
Lines can be specified in these ways:
LINENUM, to list around that line in current file,
FILE:LINENUM, to list around that line in that file,
FUNCTION, to list around beginning of that function,
FILE:FUNCTION, to distinguish among like-named static functions.
*ADDRESS, to list around the line containing that address.
With two args, if one is empty, it stands for ten lines away from
the other arg.
By default, when a single location is given, display ten lines.
This can be changed using "set listsize", and the current value
can be shown using "show listsize".