Я сталкиваюсь с неожиданным поведением при использовании Exposed с источником данных (я пробовал apache DBCP и HikariCP).
Настройка: одна таблица (test
) с id
и flag
поля с индексом flag
.
Запрос: SELECT * from test where flag=1 limit 1;
При запуске вручную используется индекс, и запрос выполняется быстро. При повторном запуске через открытые после 9 вызовов производительность ухудшается. Индекс больше не используется - см. Планы запросов ниже.
Вот пример кода:
object TestTable : IntIdTable() {
val flag = integer("flag").index()
}
fun createNRows(n: Int) = repeat(n) {
TestTable.insert { it[flag] = 0 }
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val ds = HikariDataSource(HikariConfig().apply {
jdbcUrl = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb"
username = ...
password = ...
setDriverClassName("org.postgresql.Driver")
})
Database.connect(ds)
transaction {
// only run the first time:
// SchemaUtils.create(TestTable)
// createNRows(1000000)
println("total ${TestTable.selectAll().count()} elements")
}
repeat(10000) {
transaction {
val startedAt = System.currentTimeMillis()
TestTable.select { TestTable.flag.eq(1) }.limit(1).toList()
println("Query took ${System.currentTimeMillis() - startedAt}")
}
}
}
Вывод:
total 1000000 elements
Query took 6
Query took 1
Query took 1
Query took 1
Query took 1
Query took 1
Query took 1
Query took 1
Query took 0
Query took 79
Query took 64
Query took 63
Query took 62
Query took 63
....
Вот журналы postgres с включенным EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS)
:
Это последний быстрый запрос:
2020-03-10 23:03:00.596 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.021 ms bind S_2:
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.083 ms parse <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.013 ms bind <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: execute <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.025 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.011 ms bind S_3: BEGIN
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: execute S_3: BEGIN
2020-03-10 23:03:00.597 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.015 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.159 ms bind S_4: SELECT test.id, test.flag FROM test WHERE test.flag = $1 LIMIT 1
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] DETAIL: parameters: $1 = '1'
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: execute S_4: SELECT test.id, test.flag FROM test WHERE test.flag = $1 LIMIT 1
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] DETAIL: parameters: $1 = '1'
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.028 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.015 ms plan:
Query Text: SELECT test.id, test.flag FROM test WHERE test.flag = $1 LIMIT 1
Limit (cost=0.42..4.44 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=0.013..0.013 rows=0 loops=1)
Buffers: shared hit=3
-> Index Scan using test_flag on test (cost=0.42..4.44 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=0.012..0.012 rows=0 loops=1)
Index Cond: (flag = 1)
Buffers: shared hit=3
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.072 ms bind S_1: COMMIT
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: execute S_1: COMMIT
2020-03-10 23:03:00.598 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.017 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:00.599 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.022 ms parse <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
2020-03-10 23:03:00.599 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.007 ms bind <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
2020-03-10 23:03:00.599 CET [71012] LOG: execute <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
2020-03-10 23:03:00.599 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.013 ms
А вот первый "медленный":
2020-03-10 23:03:01.601 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.022 ms bind S_2:
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.052 ms parse <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.011 ms bind <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: execute <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.023 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.012 ms bind S_3: BEGIN
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: execute S_3: BEGIN
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.015 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.192 ms bind S_4: SELECT test.id, test.flag FROM test WHERE test.flag = $1 LIMIT 1
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] DETAIL: parameters: $1 = '1'
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] LOG: execute S_4: SELECT test.id, test.flag FROM test WHERE test.flag = $1 LIMIT 1
2020-03-10 23:03:01.602 CET [71012] DETAIL: parameters: $1 = '1'
2020-03-10 23:03:01.678 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 75.889 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 75.868 ms plan:
Query Text: SELECT test.id, test.flag FROM test WHERE test.flag = $1 LIMIT 1
Limit (cost=0.00..0.02 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=75.864..75.864 rows=0 loops=1)
Buffers: shared hit=96 read=4329
-> Seq Scan on test (cost=0.00..16925.00 rows=1000000 width=8) (actual time=75.862..75.862 rows=0 loops=1)
Filter: (flag = $1)
Rows Removed by Filter: 1000000
Buffers: shared hit=96 read=4329
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.054 ms bind S_1: COMMIT
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: execute S_1: COMMIT
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.014 ms
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.025 ms parse <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.004 ms bind <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: execute <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED
2020-03-10 23:03:01.679 CET [71012] LOG: duration: 0.009 ms
Postgres версия (Homebrew):
postgres (PostgreSQL) 11.5
Версии клиента:
dependencies {
implementation 'org.jetbrains.exposed:exposed:0.17.7'
implementation "org.postgresql:postgresql:42.2.8"
implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib'
implementation 'com.zaxxer:HikariCP:2.3.2'
}
Конфигурация postgres используется по умолчанию (журналы создаются с автоматическим объяснением, но проблема воспроизводится без него)
Вот источник примера: https://github.com/RomanBrodetski/kotlin-exposed-issue
Наблюдения:
- , если
.limit(1)
удалено, проблема заключается в не воспроизводится - , если источник данных не используется (
Database.connect("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb", driver = "org.postgresql.Driver")
вместо Database.connect(ds)
), проблема не воспроизводится - , если в транзакции имеются дополнительные операторы, проблема не воспроизводится.