Ожидается ли, что вызов "npm install" для пакета указанной c (более старой) версии останется неизменным со временем?

Question

Я использую более старую версию узла (6.17.1) и явно установил eslint@5.16.0, так как более новые версии eslint не работают с узлом 6. Это некоторое время работало без проблем.

Недавно при установке eslint@5.16.0 из пакета. json использование npm install больше не работает - теперь существует несовместимая зависимость, которая, как я полагаю, находится где-то в дереве зависимостей eslint.

У меня такой вопрос: ожидалось ли, что npm install на определенной c версии eslint будет работать вечно таким же образом? Или это нормально для npm пакетов (определенной версии c), когда какой-то пакет находится в глубине изменения дерева зависимостей, а затем нарушает эту указанную c версию первого пакета?

И Если это не может быть предотвращено, есть ли способ легко исправить это, как только сломается зависимость? Для этого предназначена пакетная блокировка? json?

Ниже выводится ошибка npm:

npm ERR! Darwin 18.5.0
npm ERR! argv "/Users/~/.nvm/versions/node/v6.17.1/bin/node" "/Users/~/.nvm/versions/node/v6.17.1/bin/npm" "install" "eslint@5.16.0"
npm ERR! node v6.17.1
npm ERR! npm  v3.10.10
npm ERR! code ENOTSUP

npm ERR! notsup Unsupported engine for esquery@1.2.0: wanted: {"node":">=8.0"} (current: {"node":"6.17.1","npm":"3.10.10"})
npm ERR! notsup Not compatible with your version of node/npm: esquery@1.2.0
npm ERR! notsup Not compatible with your version of node/npm: esquery@1.2.0
npm ERR! notsup Required: {"node":">=8.0"}
npm ERR! notsup Actual:   {"npm":"3.10.10","node":"6.17.1"}

Заранее спасибо!

Answer 1

Как вы уже заметили, для этого предназначен файл блокировки (package-lock.json для npm и yarn.lock для yarn). В противном случае npm будет искать последнюю версию пакета, которая удовлетворяет ограничениям, как для указанного вами пакета, так и для его зависимостей и их зависимостей и т. Д.

Однако package-lock.json был только представлен в npm v5 , и поэтому ваша текущая версия npm (v3.10.10) не будет иметь package-lock.json. Вместо этого вам нужно будет использовать npm shrinkwrap. Я бы посоветовал вам использовать yarn в будущем, если вы не сможете обновить свою версию Node.js.

По результатам вывода об ошибке кажется, что esquery требует движка версия Node.js v8 или выше. При использовании более новой версии Node.js и запуске yarn why esquery, чтобы понять, почему это требуется, создается впечатление, что он напрямую зависит от eslint.

$ yarn why esquery
yarn why v1.22.4
[1/4] Why do we have the module "esquery"...?
[2/4] Initialising dependency graph...
[3/4] Finding dependency...
[4/4] Calculating file sizes...
=> Found "esquery@1.2.0"
info Reasons this module exists
   - "eslint" depends on it
   - Hoisted from "eslint#esquery"
info Disk size without dependencies: "744KB"
info Disk size with unique dependencies: "796KB"
info Disk size with transitive dependencies: "796KB"
info Number of shared dependencies: 1
Done in 0.12s.

ESLint v5.16.0 определяет зависимость от esquery с использованием диапазона каретки ^1.0.1, что означает, что он будет использовать последнюю версию esquery, при условии, что основной версией все еще будет 1. Это было хорошо до esquery v1.1.0, так как он поддерживал Node.js v0.6 и выше ; но в v1.2.0 это было изменено на v8 и выше .

Поскольку это, очевидно, серьезное изменение, если авторы придерживались Semanti c Версионирование 2.0.0 , им следовало бы увеличить номер версии до v2.0.0 вместо v1.2.0, но нигде в README.md не говорится, что он следует за semver.

Правильное исправление было бы создайте PR в репозитории eslint, предлагая изменить диапазон версий с ^1.0.1 на 1.1.x (или ~1.1), но сейчас вы можете попробовать использовать npm-shrinkwrap.json, который указывает версию 1.1.0 эсквери.

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}

$ node -v
v6.17.1
$ npm -v
3.10.10
$ ls
npm-shrinkwrap.json  package.json
$ npm install
...