Если я правильно понимаю, вы хотите отключить данные, а затем выполнить подсчет:
SELECT which,
SUM(CASE WHEN val > 0.5 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)
FROM (SELECT time_secs, session, 'metric_1' as which, metric_1 as val
FROM full_ts
UNION ALL
SELECT time_secs, session, 'metric_1_likelihood' as which, metric_1_likelihood as val
FROM full_ts
SELECT time_secs, session, 'metric_2' as which, metric_2 as val
FROM full_ts
UNION ALL
SELECT time_secs, session, 'metric_2_likelihood' as which, metric_2_likelihood as val
FROM full_ts
) m
GROUP BY which;
РЕДАКТИРОВАТЬ:
Вы можете отключить, выполнив:
select c.which,
(case when c.which = 'metric_1' then t.metric_1
when c.which = 'metric_1_likelihood' then t.metric_1_likelihood
. . .
end) as val
from full_ts t cross join
(select 'metric_1' as which union all
select 'metric_1_likelihood' union all
. . .
) c(which)