Вот решение, которое должно работать на любой версии MySQL 5.x, без использования ORDER BY, LIMIT, оконных функций, представлений или CTE.
SELECT a.stagename, a.total_salary
FROM (
SELECT c.*, sum(p.dailySalary) as total_salary
from contender as c
left join participant as p
on (p.contender = c.idContender)
group by c.idContender ) AS a
LEFT OUTER JOIN (
SELECT c.*, sum(p.dailySalary) as total_salary
from contender as c
left join participant as p
on (p.contender = c.idContender)
group by c.idContender ) AS b
ON a.total_salary < b.total_salary
WHERE b.total_salary IS NULL;
Протестировано на MySQL 5.7 .27.
Вывод:
+-------------+--------------+
| stagename | total_salary |
+-------------+--------------+
| Bobbleheads | 11840 |
+-------------+--------------+