Мы можем использовать match
df1[match(df1$node.id, x),]
# x lon lat node.id name
#1 1 -122.41 37.70 1 San Francisco
#4 22 -117.16 32.71 156 San Diego
#3 21 -118.24 34.05 153 Los Angeles
#2 3 -115.14 36.16 3 Las Vegas
#5 26 -112.08 38.77 185 Richfield
данные
df1 <- structure(list(x = c(1, 3, 21, 22, 26), lon = c(-122.41, -115.14,
-118.24, -117.16, -112.08), lat = c(37.7, 36.16, 34.05, 32.71,
38.77), node.id = c(1, 3, 153, 156, 185), name = structure(c(5L,
1L, 2L, 4L, 3L), .Label = c("Las Vegas", "Los Angeles", "Richfield",
"San Diego", "San Francisco"), class = "factor")),
class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-5L))
x <- c(1, 156, 153, 3, 185)