Итак, я изучаю python, используя Python Cra sh Course, и я думаю, что у меня есть правильный код, но он не дает желаемого эффекта. Предполагается, что код останавливает игру и отображает «кнопку воспроизведения», но кнопка воспроизведения не отображается.
Вот файл «Alieninvasion.py»:
import sys
from time import sleep
import pygame
from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from ship import Ship
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Alien
from button import Button
class AlienInvasion:
"""Overall class to manage game assets and behavior."""
def __init__(self):
"""Initialize the game, and create game resources."""
pygame.init()
self.settings = Settings()
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0, 0), pygame.FULLSCREEN)
self.settings.screen_width = self.screen.get_rect().width
self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height
pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")
# Create an instance to store game statistics.
self.stats = GameStats(self)
self.ship = Ship(self)
self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.aliens = pygame.sprite.Group()
self._create_fleet()
# Make the Play button.
self.play_button = Button(self, "Play")
# Set the background color.
self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230)
def run_game(self):
"""Start the main loop for the game."""
if self.stats.game_active:
self._check_events()
self.ship.update()
self._update_bullets()
self._update_aliens()
self._update_screen()
def _update_bullets(self):
"""Update position of bullets and get rid of old bullets."""
# Update bullet positions
self.bullets.update()
# Get rid of bullets that have disappeared.
for bullet in self.bullets.copy():
if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
self.bullets.remove(bullet)
self._check_bullet_alien_collisions()
def _check_bullet_alien_collisions(self):
"""Respond to bullet-alien collisions."""
# Remove any bullets and aliens that have collided.
collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(
self.bullets, self.aliens, True, True)
if not self.aliens:
# Destroy existing bullets and create new fleet.
self.bullets.empty()
self._create_fleet()
def _ship_hit(self):
"""Respond to the ship being hit by an alien."""
if self.stats.ships_left > 0:
# Decrement ships_left.
self.stats.ships_left -=1
# Get rid of any remaining aliens and bullets.
self.aliens.empty()
self.ship.center_ship()
# Pause.
sleep(0.5)
else:
self.stats.game_active = True
def _create_fleet(self):
"""Create the fleet of aliens."""
# Create an alien and find the number of aliens in a row.
# Spacing between each alien is equal to one alien width.
alien = Alien(self)
alien_width, alien_height = alien.rect.size
available_space_x = self.settings.screen_width - (2 * alien_width)
number_aliens_x = available_space_x // (2 * alien_width)
# Determine the number of rows of aliens that fit on the screen.
ship_height = self.ship.rect.height
available_space_y = (self.settings.screen_height -
(3 * alien_height) - ship_height)
number_rows = available_space_y // (2 * alien_height)
# Create the full fleet of aliens.
for row_number in range(number_rows):
for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
self._create_alien(alien_number, row_number)
def _create_alien(self, alien_number, row_number):
"""Create an alien and place it in the row."""
alien = Alien(self)
alien_width, alien_height = alien.rect.size
alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number
alien.rect.x = alien.x
alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number
self.aliens.add(alien)
def _check_events(self):
"""Respond to keypresses and mouse events."""
# Watch for keyboard and mouse events.
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
self._check_keydown_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
self._check_keyup_events(event)
def _check_keydown_events(self, event):
"""Respond to keypresses."""
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
sys.exit()
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
self._fire_bullet()
def _check_keyup_events(self, event):
"""Respond to key releases."""
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.ship.moving_right = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.ship.moving_left = False
def _fire_bullet(self):
"""Create a new bullet and add it to the bullets group."""
if len(self.bullets) < self.settings.bullets_allowed:
new_bullet = Bullet(self)
self.bullets.add(new_bullet)
def _update_aliens(self):
"""
Check if the fleet is at an edge,
then update the positions of all aliens in the fleet.
"""
self._check_fleet_edges()
self.aliens.update()
# Look for alien-ship collisions.
if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.ship, self.aliens):
self._ship_hit()
# Look for aliens hitting the bottom of the screen.
self._check_aliens_bottom()
def _update_screen(self):
"""Update images on the screen, and flip to the new screen."""
# Redraw the screen during each pass through the loopp
self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)
self.ship.blitme()
for bullet in self.bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
self.aliens.draw(self.screen)
# Draw the play button if the game is inactive.
if not self.stats.game_active:
self.play_button.draw_button()
# Draw the play button if the game is inactive.
if not self.stats.game_active:
self.play_button.draw_button()
pygame.display.flip()
def _check_fleet_edges(self):
"""Respond appropriately if any aliens have reached an edge."""
for alien in self.aliens.sprites():
if alien.check_edges():
self._change_fleet_direction()
break
def _change_fleet_direction(self):
"""Drop the entire fleet and change the fleet's direction."""
for alien in self.aliens.sprites():
alien.rect.y += self.settings.fleet_drop_speed
self.settings.fleet_direction *= -1
def _check_aliens_bottom(self):
"""Check if any aliens have reached the bottom of the screen."""
screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
for alien in self.aliens.sprites():
if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
# Treat this the same as if the ship got hit.
self._ship_hit()
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Make a game instance, and run the game.
ai = AlienInvasion()
ai.run_game()
и вот коды кнопок и игровой статистики:
gamestats.py
class GameStats:
"""Track statistics for Alien Invasion."""
def __init__(self, ai_game):
"""Initialize statistics."""
self.settings = ai_game.settings
self.reset_stats()
# Start Alien Invasion in an inactive state.
self.game_active = True
def reset_stats(self):
"""Initialize statistics that can change during the game."""
self.ships_left = self.settings.ship_limit
и
button.py
import pygame.font
class Button:
def __init__(self, ai_game, msg):
"""Initialize button attributes."""
self.screen = ai_game.screen
self.screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
# Set the dimensions and properties of the button.
self.width, self.height = 200, 50
self.button_color = (0, 255, 0)
self.text_color = (255, 255, 255)
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
# Build the button's rect object and center it.
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height)
self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center
# The button message needs to be prepped only once.
self._prep_msg(msg)
def _prep_msg(self, msg):
"""Turn msg into a rendered image and center text on the button."""
self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg, True, self.text_color,
self.button_color)
self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()
self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center
def draw_button(self):
# Draw blank button and then draw message.
self.screen.fill(self.button_color, self.rect)
self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)
Заранее спасибо!