Вы можете использовать выражение case
:
select
customer_name,
case when customer_name_modified is null or customer_name_modified = ''
then customer_name
else customer_name_modified
end customer_name_modified
from mytable
Если вы ищете выражение update
:
update mytable
set customer_name_modified = customer_name
where customer_name_modified is null or customer_name_modified = ''