Для этого вам понадобится std::variant
и сохранить текущее состояние как:
std::variant<std::shared_ptr<StatesT>...> current_state_;
С трейтом для определения, реагирует ли данное состояние на какой-либо тип события:
template <typename State, typename Event, typename = void>
struct can_react : std::false_type {};
template <typename State, typename Event>
struct can_react<State, Event,
decltype(void(std::declval<State>()->react(nullptr, std::declval<Event>())))>
: std::true_type {};
Затем вы можете отправить событие в состояние, если оно может его обработать, и отменить в противном случае:
template <typename Event>
void react(Event event) {
std::visit([&](auto state) {
if constexpr (can_react<decltype(state), Event>{}) {
state->react(shared(), event);
}
}, current_state_);
}
Аналогично, update
становится:
void update() {
std::visit([this](auto state) {
state->update(shared());
}, current_state_);
}
ДЕМО
Полный код:
template <typename ContextT, typename... StatesT>
class MachineT : public std::enable_shared_from_this<MachineT<ContextT, StatesT...>> {
using M_ = MachineT<ContextT, StatesT...>;
public:
using Context = ContextT;
MachineT(std::shared_ptr<ContextT> context)
: context_(context),
states_{std::make_shared<StatesT>()...} {
using FirstEntityType = std::tuple_element_t<0, std::tuple<StatesT...>>;
set<FirstEntityType>();
}
~MachineT() {}
template <typename T>
std::shared_ptr<T> get() {
return std::get<std::shared_ptr<T>>(states_);
}
template <typename T>
void set() {
current_state_ = std::get<std::shared_ptr<T>>(states_);
}
std::shared_ptr<M_> shared() {
return this->shared_from_this();
}
void update() {
std::visit([this](auto state) { state->update(shared()); }, current_state_);
}
template <typename State, typename Event, typename = void>
struct can_react : std::false_type {};
template <typename State, typename Event>
struct can_react<State, Event,
decltype(void(std::declval<State>()->react(nullptr, std::declval<Event>())))>
: std::true_type {};
template <typename Event>
void react(Event event) {
std::visit([&](auto state) {
if constexpr (can_react<decltype(state), Event>{}) {
state->react(shared(), event);
}
}, current_state_);
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<ContextT> context_;
std::tuple<std::shared_ptr<StatesT>...> states_;
std::variant<std::shared_ptr<StatesT>...> current_state_;
};
Состояния и события:
struct State1;
struct State2;
struct Context {};
struct Event1 {};
struct Event2 {};
using StateMachine = MachineT<Context, State1, State2>;
struct State1 {
void react(std::shared_ptr<StateMachine> machine, Event1 event) {
std::cout << "State1::react(Event1)" << std::endl;
}
void update(std::shared_ptr<StateMachine> machine) {
std::cout << "State1::update()" << std::endl;
}
};
struct State2 {
void react(std::shared_ptr<StateMachine> machine, Event2 event) {
std::cout << "State2::react(Event2)" << std::endl;
}
void update(std::shared_ptr<StateMachine> machine) {
std::cout << "State2::update()" << std::endl;
}
};
Тесты:
int main() {
std::shared_ptr<Context> context;
context.reset(new Context());
std::shared_ptr<StateMachine> machine;
machine.reset(new StateMachine(context));
machine->set<State1>();
machine->update();
machine->react(Event1{});
machine->set<State2>();
machine->update();
machine->react(Event2{});
}
Вывод:
State1::update()
State1::react(Event1)
State2::update()
State2::react(Event2)
Используя c ++ 14 это возможно используя boost::variant
:
template <typename Event>
struct Visitor {
MachineT* machine;
Event* event;
template <typename State>
std::enable_if_t<can_react<State, Event>{}> operator()(State state) const {
state->react(machine->shared(), *event);
}
template <typename State>
std::enable_if_t<!can_react<State, Event>{}> operator()(State) const {}
};
template <typename Event>
void react(Event event) {
boost::apply_visitor(Visitor<Event>{ this, &event }, current_state_);
}