вы можете перечислить установленные образы с помощью docker images. Чтобы удалить изображение, вы можете docker image rm <ID>. Например:
➜ ~ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/samples latest 601ba7083976 2 days ago 190MB
ubuntu latest 74435f89ab78 3 days ago 73.9MB
<none> <none> 0065b5c5e1d8 5 days ago 607MB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/samples <none> d9ed8f8f6eac 3 weeks ago 190MB
docker/desktop-storage-provisioner v1.1 e704287ce753 2 months ago 41.8MB
➜ ~ docker image rm 006
Deleted: sha256:0065b5c5e1d8b210c7447349be227d31bc3f90d25a77d8f25ae8d0d7cef5f381
Deleted: sha256:2ac7e1261af05d93e84282f56f5724d42eb78964076a128218fe2a9229f78ab4
Deleted: sha256:ad1b0388aa08b02e9e5b3b169a0d2d68472a9ce2125f32997b801afcfa9b4b72
Deleted: sha256:42d9a26918bca67ad9a48844a2e9b0ee5b0140437434246d571d35805aca2cf8
Deleted: sha256:c22539cbd6641b59aabc092ca1f36b8676f66f95c2cd844db07f182b0f1579a4
Deleted: sha256:589c738b865a4f4af3c6f26a15c7e2cddd190f64d73a44d37a4285f2716d0001
Deleted: sha256:950fab5a4cedc4cca74c072213d92954f743adb33c4f278eba0e6ec5428f5a55
Deleted: sha256:f7cc1c88cf60aba12c88e14e404fd603d739ce2fea9eb5e214501d7e1a39d60b
Deleted: sha256:2b5aee3d59b9a88cb77af2eea04bcb92d2da3c9a3852b881cb9aba6f57761abb
Deleted: sha256:0c3f9b359db9120101b69a56b869fcdaa33c0afd69ac7ec508113ee0758ae46f
Deleted: sha256:610c86760b9736093a1d139b1ce583f3e2a223bcb4ac0b6b651c929ed6d12764
Deleted: sha256:617910c3b61adafca208167b78f44131f01641e71f4b89ff250658c370412a00
Deleted: sha256:f2264424f15b78168ec7441812c731d22fc0891c274ec82c126a01325f1527e4
Deleted: sha256:1491e7cc69501585954300620cc88545a174d94583c066ad4dbe844237b70a6e
Deleted: sha256:3734e1b61819b6e243cd93702be7669aba9a42ef21e5d65fb92aa18aaae04326
Deleted: sha256:d518876dd3923dac7010a2409b18331aa32f87324598d1c0e6688d688d66fbc3
Deleted: sha256:20e9bb03e9e5ebadf48871d9d8e3e76043a1c959a2a0a334a78943cc8f12b970
Deleted: sha256:d7d0291bc1ea6f5625218c840885b847fec43deedd9103eb075638dd44c2fcc8
Deleted: sha256:a48bbb1b4b965ce41b9e89d246619eb647f42a1726232b36b582c6e5cd70a1ae
Чтобы переустановить, просто выполните docker run <imagename> или docker pull <imagename>.