простак
awk '
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
if ( $i ~ /\.(c|h|cpp)$/){
print "file with extension: "$i
}else{
print "file w/o extension: "$i
}
}
}' file
выход
$ ./shell.sh
file with extension: esocket.c
file with extension: esocket.h
file with extension: dockwin.cpp
file with extension: dockwin.h
file w/o extension: makefile
file w/o extension: getblob