Oracle и / или SQL Server эквивалентны MySQL DESCRIBE [таблица]?

Question

Я пытаюсь выяснить, какой тип оператора 'create table' мне понадобится для создания данной таблицы с нуля. Меня особенно интересуют ограничения первичного ключа, ограничения уникальности, ограничения внешнего ключа и имена столбцов.

Как бы я это сделал в Oracle и / или SQL Server?

Как ни странно, единственное соединение, которое я имею с базой данных, - это соединение ODBC из коробки Linux. Хотя для Oracle я почти наверняка смогу запустить и запустить SQL * Plus.

Answer 1

В Oracle используйте

select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','DEMO_ORDERS') from dual;

, и он вернет что-то вроде

  CREATE TABLE "OWNER"."DEMO_ORDERS" 
   (    "ORDER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "CUSTOMER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "ORDER_TOTAL" NUMBER(8,2), 
    "ORDER_TIMESTAMP" DATE, 
    "USER_ID" NUMBER, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_TOTAL_MIN" CHECK (order_total >= 0) ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID")
  USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS 
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "USERS"  ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_CUSTOMER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("CUSTOMER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID") ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_USER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("USER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_USERS" ("USER_ID") ENABLE
   ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "USERS" 

Вы можете использовать различные настройки для фильтрации или вывода битов, которые вам не нужны.

begin
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM,'STORAGE',false);
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM,'PRETTY',true);
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM,
       'SQLTERMINATOR',true);
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM, 
       'SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES',false);
end;

даст

  CREATE TABLE "OWNER"."DEMO_ORDERS" 
   (    "ORDER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "CUSTOMER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "ORDER_TOTAL" NUMBER(8,2), 
    "ORDER_TIMESTAMP" DATE, 
    "USER_ID" NUMBER, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_TOTAL_MIN" CHECK (order_total >= 0) ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID") ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_CUSTOMER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("CUSTOMER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID") ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_USER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("USER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_USERS" ("USER_ID") ENABLE
   ) ;

Answer 2

хорошо - я немного запутался. В вашем названии написано одно, а в вашем вопросе - другое.

На ваш вопрос в заголовке:

Oracle: используйте «описать таблицу»

Таблица SQL sp_columns или таблица sp_help для получения дополнительной информации.

Для вашего письменного вопроса:

Oracle: http://www.adp -gmbh.ch / ora / sql / create_table.html

SQL Server: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa258255(SQL.80).aspx

Answer 3

В SQL Server проще всего было бы щелкнуть правой кнопкой мыши по таблице -> Таблица сценариев как -> СОЗДАТЬ -> Новое окно запроса.и это создаст что-то вроде этого, я выбрал таблицу HumanResources.EmployeeAddress в базе данных AdventureWorks

USE [AdventureWorks]
GO

/****** Object:  Table [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress]    Script Date: 09/01/2010 20:05:14 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress](
    [EmployeeID] [int] NOT NULL,
    [AddressID] [int] NOT NULL,
    [rowguid] [uniqueidentifier] ROWGUIDCOL  NOT NULL,
    [ModifiedDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_EmployeeAddress_EmployeeID_AddressID] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [EmployeeID] ASC,
    [AddressID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Primary key. Foreign key to Employee.EmployeeID.' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'EmployeeID'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Primary key. Foreign key to Address.AddressID.' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AddressID'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'ROWGUIDCOL number uniquely identifying the record. Used to support a merge replication sample.' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'rowguid'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Date and time the record was last updated.' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ModifiedDate'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Cross-reference table mapping employees to their address(es).' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Primary key (clustered) constraint' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'CONSTRAINT',@level2name=N'PK_EmployeeAddress_EmployeeID_AddressID'
GO

ALTER TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_EmployeeAddress_Address_AddressID] FOREIGN KEY([AddressID])
REFERENCES [Person].[Address] ([AddressID])
GO

ALTER TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_EmployeeAddress_Address_AddressID]
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Foreign key constraint referencing Address.AddressID.' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'CONSTRAINT',@level2name=N'FK_EmployeeAddress_Address_AddressID'
GO

ALTER TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_EmployeeAddress_Employee_EmployeeID] FOREIGN KEY([EmployeeID])
REFERENCES [HumanResources].[Employee] ([EmployeeID])
GO

ALTER TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_EmployeeAddress_Employee_EmployeeID]
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Foreign key constraint referencing Employee.EmployeeID.' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'CONSTRAINT',@level2name=N'FK_EmployeeAddress_Employee_EmployeeID'
GO

ALTER TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_EmployeeAddress_rowguid]  DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [rowguid]
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Default constraint value of NEWID()' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'CONSTRAINT',@level2name=N'DF_EmployeeAddress_rowguid'
GO

ALTER TABLE [HumanResources].[EmployeeAddress] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_EmployeeAddress_ModifiedDate]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [ModifiedDate]
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Default constraint value of GETDATE()' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'HumanResources', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'EmployeeAddress', @level2type=N'CONSTRAINT',@level2name=N'DF_EmployeeAddress_ModifiedDate'
GO

Существует также sp_help, но он не дает вам скрипт

sp_help 'HumanResources.EmployeeAddress'

Программно вы можете использовать Объекты управления SQL Server (SMO) из .NET или SSIS