Используйте Calendar
API.
String dobString = "1978-03-26";
Date dobDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(dobString);
Calendar dobCalendar = Calendar.getInstance();
dobCalendar.setTime(dobDate);
Calendar today = Calendar.getInstance();
int age = -1;
while (today.after(dobCalendar)) {
age++;
today.add(Calendar.YEAR, -1);
}
System.out.println(age); // 32
Поскольку API Calendar
ужасен, я бы предложил JodaTime .
String dobString = "1978-03-26";
DateTime dobDate = DateTimeFormat.forPattern("yyyy-MM-dd").parseDateTime(dobString);
DateTime today = new DateTime();
int age = Years.yearsBetween(dobDate, today).getYears();
System.out.println(age); // 32