Запрос доступа:
select L.Ref_Loan, P.Amount_Paid, P.Date,
L.Loan_Amount - DSum("Amount_Paid", "Loan_Payment",
"Ref_Loan=" & L.Ref_Loan & " AND Date<= #" & Format(P.Date, "yyyy/mm/dd") & "#")
from Loan AS L
left join Loan_Payments AS P on P.Ref_Loan = L.Ref_Loan
ORDER BY L.Ref_Loan, P.Date
Однако, если вы используете Jet из C #, DSum может не работать. В этом случае запишите правильный SQL полностью
select L.Ref_Loan, P.Amount_Paid, P.Date,
L.Loan_Amount - (
SELECT SUM(P2.amount_paid)
FROM Loan_Payment AS P2
WHERE P2.Ref_Loan=L.Ref_Loan
AND P2.Date <= P.Date)
from Loan AS L
left join Loan_Payments AS P on P.Ref_Loan = L.Ref_Loan
ORDER BY L.Ref_Loan, P.Date