Вы можете попробовать:
UPDATE t1
JOIN t2 ON (t2.id_user = t1.id_user)
SET t1.age = t2.age
WHERE t2.age > t1.age;
Контрольный пример:
CREATE TABLE t1 (id_user int, age int);
CREATE TABLE t2 (id_user int, age int);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1, 5);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (2, 10);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3, 10);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (2, 12);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (3, 8);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (4, 20);
Результат:
SELECT * FROM t1;
+---------+------+
| id_user | age |
+---------+------+
| 1 | 5 |
| 2 | 12 |
| 3 | 10 |
+---------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)