Использовать встроенную таблицу sqlite_master
sqlite-3.7.2 e$ sqlite3
SQLite version 3.7.2
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite> create table t1 (a, b, c integer);
sqlite> create table t2 (d, e, f text);
sqlite> select * from sqlite_master;
table|t1|t1|2|CREATE TABLE t1 (a, b, c integer)
table|t2|t2|3|CREATE TABLE t2 (d, e, f text)
sqlite> select sql from sqlite_master;
CREATE TABLE t1 (a, b, c integer)
CREATE TABLE t2 (d, e, f text)
См .: FAQ по SQLite3 # 7