Попробуйте следующее:
//Description[
(preceding-sibling::Cities[1]/Country = "India" or
preceding-sibling::Cities[1]/City = "New York"
) or
(preceding-sibling::Continent[1] = "Asia" or
preceding-sibling::Cities[1]/Country = "Japan"
)
]
Вывод в моем тесте (--NODE--
- это текст, добавленный моим инструментом):
<Description>Newyork is a nice city</Description>-- NODE --
<Description>Mumbai is a nice city</Description>-- NODE --
<Description>New Delhi is a nice city</Description>-- NODE --
<Description>Kolkata is a nice city</Description>-- NODE --
<Description>Tokyo is a nice city</Description>