Когда вы вносите изменения, эти изменения существуют только в вашем рабочем дереве вплоть до момента, когда вы их фиксируете.
Когда вы переключаете ветки, Git перенесет изменения в вашем рабочем дереве в новую кассу. Это часто полезно, когда вы замечаете, что работали не с той веткой.
Существует даже недавнее обсуждение этого "неожиданного" поведения в списке рассылки Git по этому поводу. Процитирую Junio:
"J.V." gmail.com> пишет:
ОК, так что "дерево работы" - это новый термин для меня. Я думал, что мы были в изоляции
песочницы под названием "ветки" и изменения, сделанные в ветке, останутся в
независимо от этой ветви.
Не думайте о "ветвях" как об изолированных песочницах .
Скорее, "ветви" - это то место, где должны быть независимые государства
записано .
Записанные состояния существуют только в репозитории git, и использовать его
содержимое (например, просмотр в пейджере или браузере, редактирование в редакторе, запуск
компилятор, ...), вам нужно материализовать содержимое
ветка где-то в файловой системе. Такой набор файлов на
Файловая система образует рабочее дерево. Акт так называется
"проверить ветку".
[...]
Редактировать
На всякий случай, если вышеуказанная ссылка становится недействительной
Проблема
Unexpected git behaviour
---
# First create a local git repo
$mkdir gitexample
$git config --global user.name "my name"
$git config --global user.email "me@me.com"
$git init
$git add .
$git commit -m 'initial commit'
# Create/Edit an empty file
$vi readme.txt
# add a single line: "this was added in the master branch."
$git commit -a
# create and checkout a new branch (from master)
$git branch test
$git checkout test
# edit the readme.txt file and do not commit
# add the text: "this was added in the test branch.", save and exit
$vi readme.txt
#now switch back to master
$git checkout master
$cat readme.txt
#You will see both lines in the master.
Question #1:
Why was this line added in the *master branch?
--- even further surprising
In the master branch, now do a commit
$git commit -a
cat readme.txt ( you will see the line in the master now that was added in the test branch )
Question #2:
Why did this happen?
# Now switch back to the test branch
$git checkout test
$cat readme.txt
You will only see the one line: "This was added in the master branch"
Question #3:
Why did this happen?
and NOT the line added in that branch: "this was added in the test branch" <= this line is gone
What is the reason for this?
1) Why do I see uncommitted changes in the branches made off master in the master branch?
2) Why, if I commit them in the master, do the disappear in the branch in which they were made?
This is confusing, I would think the * master branch would be left untouched. This would solve issue #2.
Ответить
On Fri, Nov 11, 2011 at 12:55:04PM -0800, Jvsrvcs wrote:
> Unexpected git behaviour
>
[ ... switch branches with local modifications ...]
> #You will see both lines in the master.
>
> Question #1:
> Why was this line added in the *master branch?
>
It wasn't. that line was added in the working directory. When you
switch branches, if the file in the tip of the current branch and the
file in the tip of the target branch don't differ, it's safe to keep
your local changes, so git does. This is to support the use-case where
you start editing a file when the wrong branch is checked out and want
to change to the right one.
>
> --- even further surprising
> In the master branch, now do a commit
> $git commit -a
>
> cat readme.txt ( you will see the line in the master now that was added in
> the test branch )
>
> Question #2:
> Why did this happen?
... [show rest of quote]
... [show rest of quote]
Because you told git to commit the file with that modification in it.
>
> # Now switch back to the test branch
> $git checkout test
> $cat readme.txt
>
> You will only see the one line: "This was added in the master branch"
>
> Question #3:
> Why did this happen?
Because the file in the 'test' branch only has that line. As you said
yourself, you edited the file but didn't commit.
>
> and NOT the line added in that branch: "this was added in the test branch"
> <= this line is gone
Again, that line wasn't added in any branch but in the working
directory. The active branch was 'test', but doesn't magically mean
that uncommitted changes travel with it.