Использование DENSE_RANK должно помочь:
;WITH sampledata
AS (SELECT 1 AS id, DATEADD(day, -0, GETDATE())AS somedate
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -1, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -2, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -3, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -4, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -5, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -10, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 1, '2011-01-01 00:00:00'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, '2010-12-31 00:00:00'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, '2011-02-01 00:00:00'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, DATEADD(day, -10, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 2, DATEADD(day, 0, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 2, DATEADD(day, -1, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 2, DATEADD(day, -2, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 2, DATEADD(day, -6, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 3, DATEADD(day, 0, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 4, DATEADD(day, 0, GETDATE())
UNION ALL SELECT 5, DATEADD(day, 0, GETDATE()))
, ranking
AS (SELECT *, DENSE_RANK()OVER(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY DATEDIFF(day, 0, somedate)) - DATEDIFF(day, 0, somedate)AS dategroup
FROM sampledata)
SELECT id
, MIN(somedate)AS range_start
, MAX(somedate)AS range_end
, DATEDIFF(day, MIN(somedate), MAX(somedate)) + 1 AS consecutive_days
FROM ranking
GROUP BY id, dategroup
--HAVING DATEDIFF(day, MIN(somedate), MAX(somedate)) + 1 >= 30 --change as needed
ORDER BY id, range_start