a=[randi(5,10,1) rand(10,1)];
a =
4.0000 0.4387
1.0000 0.3816
2.0000 0.7655
1.0000 0.7952
1.0000 0.1869
5.0000 0.4898
4.0000 0.4456
2.0000 0.6463
5.0000 0.7094
1.0000 0.7547
[uniqueID,~,uniqueInd]=unique(a(:,1));
[uniqueID accumarray(uniqueInd,a(:,2))./accumarray(uniqueInd,1)]
ans =
1.0000 0.5296
2.0000 0.7059
4.0000 0.4422
5.0000 0.5996