Весь ответ может быть немного длинным, но все равно попробуем
как рекомендовано предыдущими авторами, используйте команду guide, чтобы начать разработку GUI.
Добавьте несколько кнопок. Правый щелчок по кнопке предоставит вам «функцию обратного вызова кнопки», которая вызывается всякий раз, когда вы нажимаете кнопку на работающем графическом интерфейсе.
Важные команды:
КНОПКА1: чтение изображения через модальный диалог в графическом интерфейсе в Matlab
и поместите данные изображения в переменные X и отобразите в базовом рабочем пространстве
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
disp('Load image button pressed ...')
%% Create a file dialog for images
[filename, user_cancelled] = imgetfile;
if user_cancelled
disp('User pressed cancel')
else
disp(['User selected ', filename])
end
%% Read the selected image into the variable
disp('Reading the image into variable X');
[X,map] = imread(filename);
%% Copy X and map to base workspace, overwriting the content !!!
assignin('base','X',X);
assignin('base','map',map);
%% Now you have X and map variables in the base workspace
КНОПКА 2: Выполнить пользовательскую команду
что-то сделать с X и отобразить переменные в базовом рабочем пространстве
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
%% Put your own code here to be called
disp('Run button pressed ...')
evalin('base', 'if exist(''X'', ''var''), disp(''image loaded into X''), else, disp(''image not loaded yet''), end');
% if exist('X', 'var'), disp('image loaded into X'), else, disp('image not loaded yet'), end)
Кроме того, вы можете создавать свои собственные файловые диалоги в matlab:
%% Alternatively use the following for reading image files of your own choosing
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile({'*.jpg;*.png;*.gif;*.bmp', 'All Image Files (*.jpg, *.png, *.gif, *.bmp)'; ...
'*.*', 'All Files (*.*)'}, ...
'Pick an image file');
%This code checks if the user pressed cancel on the dialog.
if isequal(filename,0) || isequal(pathname,0)
disp('User pressed cancel')
else
disp(['User selected ', fullfile(pathname, filename)])
end
Вот весь рабочий файл, просто скопируйте и вставьте:
function varargout = guitutorial_export(varargin)
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT M-file for guitutorial_export.fig
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT, by itself, creates a new GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT returns the handle to a new GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT.M with the given input arguments.
%
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT('Property','Value',...) creates a new GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before guitutorial_export_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to guitutorial_export_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help guitutorial_export
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 01-Apr-2012 00:26:11
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @guitutorial_export_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @guitutorial_export_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', @guitutorial_export_LayoutFcn, ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before guitutorial_export is made visible.
function guitutorial_export_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to guitutorial_export (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for guitutorial_export
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes guitutorial_export wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = guitutorial_export_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
disp('Load image button pressed ...')
%% Alternatively use the following for reading image files of your own choosing
% [filename, pathname] = uigetfile({'*.jpg;*.png;*.gif;*.bmp', 'All Image Files (*.jpg, *.png, *.gif, *.bmp)'; ...
% '*.*', 'All Files (*.*)'}, ...
% 'Pick an image file');
%
% %This code checks if the user pressed cancel on the dialog.
% if isequal(filename,0) || isequal(pathname,0)
% disp('User pressed cancel')
% else
% disp(['User selected ', fullfile(pathname, filename)])
%
% end
[filename, user_cancelled] = imgetfile;
if user_cancelled
disp('User pressed cancel')
else
disp(['User selected ', filename])
end
%% Read the selected image into the variable
disp('Reading the image into variable X');
[X,map] = imread(filename);
%% Copy X and map to base workspace, overwriting the content !!!
assignin('base','X',X);
assignin('base','map',map);
%%
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
%% Put your own code here to be called
disp('Run button pressed ...')
evalin('base', 'if exist(''X'', ''var''), disp(''image loaded into X''), else, disp(''image not loaded yet''), end');
% if exist('X', 'var'), disp('image loaded into X'), else, disp('image not loaded yet'), end)
% --- Creates and returns a handle to the GUI figure.
function h1 = guitutorial_export_LayoutFcn(policy)
% policy - create a new figure or use a singleton. 'new' or 'reuse'.
persistent hsingleton;
if strcmpi(policy, 'reuse') & ishandle(hsingleton)
h1 = hsingleton;
return;
end
appdata = [];
appdata.GUIDEOptions = struct(...
'active_h', [], ...
'taginfo', struct(...
'figure', 2, ...
'pushbutton', 3), ...
'override', 0, ...
'release', 13, ...
'resize', 'none', ...
'accessibility', 'callback', ...
'mfile', 1, ...
'callbacks', 1, ...
'singleton', 1, ...
'syscolorfig', 1, ...
'blocking', 0, ...
'lastSavedFile', '/home/mosi/Documents/MATLAB/guitutorial_export.m', ...
'lastFilename', '/home/mosi/Documents/MATLAB/guitutorial.fig');
appdata.lastValidTag = 'figure1';
appdata.GUIDELayoutEditor = [];
appdata.initTags = struct(...
'handle', [], ...
'tag', 'figure1');
h1 = figure(...
'Units','characters',...
'Color',[0.701960784313725 0.701960784313725 0.701960784313725],...
'Colormap',[0 0 0.5625;0 0 0.625;0 0 0.6875;0 0 0.75;0 0 0.8125;0 0 0.875;0 0 0.9375;0 0 1;0 0.0625 1;0 0.125 1;0 0.1875 1;0 0.25 1;0 0.3125 1;0 0.375 1;0 0.4375 1;0 0.5 1;0 0.5625 1;0 0.625 1;0 0.6875 1;0 0.75 1;0 0.8125 1;0 0.875 1;0 0.9375 1;0 1 1;0.0625 1 1;0.125 1 0.9375;0.1875 1 0.875;0.25 1 0.8125;0.3125 1 0.75;0.375 1 0.6875;0.4375 1 0.625;0.5 1 0.5625;0.5625 1 0.5;0.625 1 0.4375;0.6875 1 0.375;0.75 1 0.3125;0.8125 1 0.25;0.875 1 0.1875;0.9375 1 0.125;1 1 0.0625;1 1 0;1 0.9375 0;1 0.875 0;1 0.8125 0;1 0.75 0;1 0.6875 0;1 0.625 0;1 0.5625 0;1 0.5 0;1 0.4375 0;1 0.375 0;1 0.3125 0;1 0.25 0;1 0.1875 0;1 0.125 0;1 0.0625 0;1 0 0;0.9375 0 0;0.875 0 0;0.8125 0 0;0.75 0 0;0.6875 0 0;0.625 0 0;0.5625 0 0],...
'IntegerHandle','off',...
'InvertHardcopy',get(0,'defaultfigureInvertHardcopy'),...
'MenuBar','none',...
'Name','guitutorial',...
'NumberTitle','off',...
'PaperPosition',get(0,'defaultfigurePaperPosition'),...
'Position',[103.833333333333 29.1333333333333 112 32.3333333333333],...
'Resize','off',...
'HandleVisibility','callback',...
'Tag','figure1',...
'UserData',[],...
'Visible','on',...
'CreateFcn', {@local_CreateFcn, blanks(0), appdata} );
appdata = [];
appdata.lastValidTag = 'pushbutton1';
h2 = uicontrol(...
'Parent',h1,...
'Units','characters',...
'Callback',@(hObject,eventdata)guitutorial_export('pushbutton1_Callback',hObject,eventdata,guidata(hObject)),...
'Position',[8.16666666666667 27.5333333333333 25.1666666666667 1.4],...
'String','Select image',...
'Tag','pushbutton1',...
'CreateFcn', {@local_CreateFcn, blanks(0), appdata} );
appdata = [];
appdata.lastValidTag = 'pushbutton2';
h3 = uicontrol(...
'Parent',h1,...
'Units','characters',...
'Callback',@(hObject,eventdata)guitutorial_export('pushbutton2_Callback',hObject,eventdata,guidata(hObject)),...
'Position',[8.16666666666667 24.8 11.6666666666667 1.4],...
'String','Run',...
'Tag','pushbutton2',...
'CreateFcn', {@local_CreateFcn, blanks(0), appdata} );
hsingleton = h1;
% --- Set application data first then calling the CreateFcn.
function local_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, createfcn, appdata)
if ~isempty(appdata)
names = fieldnames(appdata);
for i=1:length(names)
name = char(names(i));
setappdata(hObject, name, getfield(appdata,name));
end
end
if ~isempty(createfcn)
if isa(createfcn,'function_handle')
createfcn(hObject, eventdata);
else
eval(createfcn);
end
end
% --- Handles default GUIDE GUI creation and callback dispatch
function varargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin)
gui_StateFields = {'gui_Name'
'gui_Singleton'
'gui_OpeningFcn'
'gui_OutputFcn'
'gui_LayoutFcn'
'gui_Callback'};
gui_Mfile = '';
for i=1:length(gui_StateFields)
if ~isfield(gui_State, gui_StateFields{i})
error('MATLAB:gui_mainfcn:FieldNotFound', 'Could not find field %s in the gui_State struct in GUI M-file %s', gui_StateFields{i}, gui_Mfile);
elseif isequal(gui_StateFields{i}, 'gui_Name')
gui_Mfile = [gui_State.(gui_StateFields{i}), '.m'];
end
end
numargin = length(varargin);
if numargin == 0
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT
% create the GUI only if we are not in the process of loading it
% already
gui_Create = true;
elseif local_isInvokeActiveXCallback(gui_State, varargin{:})
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT(ACTIVEX,...)
vin{1} = gui_State.gui_Name;
vin{2} = [get(varargin{1}.Peer, 'Tag'), '_', varargin{end}];
vin{3} = varargin{1};
vin{4} = varargin{end-1};
vin{5} = guidata(varargin{1}.Peer);
feval(vin{:});
return;
elseif local_isInvokeHGCallback(gui_State, varargin{:})
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...)
gui_Create = false;
else
% GUITUTORIAL_EXPORT(...)
% create the GUI and hand varargin to the openingfcn
gui_Create = true;
end
if ~gui_Create
% In design time, we need to mark all components possibly created in
% the coming callback evaluation as non-serializable. This way, they
% will not be brought into GUIDE and not be saved in the figure file
% when running/saving the GUI from GUIDE.
designEval = false;
if (numargin>1 && ishghandle(varargin{2}))
fig = varargin{2};
while ~isempty(fig) && ~isa(handle(fig),'figure')
fig = get(fig,'parent');
end
designEval = isappdata(0,'CreatingGUIDEFigure') || isprop(fig,'__GUIDEFigure');
end
if designEval
beforeChildren = findall(fig);
end
% evaluate the callback now
varargin{1} = gui_State.gui_Callback;
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = feval(varargin{:});
else
feval(varargin{:});
end
% Set serializable of objects created in the above callback to off in
% design time. Need to check whether figure handle is still valid in
% case the figure is deleted during the callback dispatching.
if designEval && ishandle(fig)
set(setdiff(findall(fig),beforeChildren), 'Serializable','off');
end
else
if gui_State.gui_Singleton
gui_SingletonOpt = 'reuse';
else
gui_SingletonOpt = 'new';
end
% Check user passing 'visible' P/V pair first so that its value can be
% used by oepnfig to prevent flickering
gui_Visible = 'auto';
gui_VisibleInput = '';
for index=1:2:length(varargin)
if length(varargin) == index || ~ischar(varargin{index})
break;
end
% Recognize 'visible' P/V pair
len1 = min(length('visible'),length(varargin{index}));
len2 = min(length('off'),length(varargin{index+1}));
if ischar(varargin{index+1}) && strncmpi(varargin{index},'visible',len1) && len2 > 1
if strncmpi(varargin{index+1},'off',len2)
gui_Visible = 'invisible';
gui_VisibleInput = 'off';
elseif strncmpi(varargin{index+1},'on',len2)
gui_Visible = 'visible';
gui_VisibleInput = 'on';
end
end
end
% Open fig file with stored settings. Note: This executes all component
% specific CreateFunctions with an empty HANDLES structure.
% Do feval on layout code in m-file if it exists
gui_Exported = ~isempty(gui_State.gui_LayoutFcn);
% this application data is used to indicate the running mode of a GUIDE
% GUI to distinguish it from the design mode of the GUI in GUIDE. it is
% only used by actxproxy at this time.
setappdata(0,genvarname(['OpenGuiWhenRunning_', gui_State.gui_Name]),1);
if gui_Exported
gui_hFigure = feval(gui_State.gui_LayoutFcn, gui_SingletonOpt);
% make figure invisible here so that the visibility of figure is
% consistent in OpeningFcn in the exported GUI case
if isempty(gui_VisibleInput)
gui_VisibleInput = get(gui_hFigure,'Visible');
end
set(gui_hFigure,'Visible','off')
% openfig (called by local_openfig below) does this for guis without
% the LayoutFcn. Be sure to do it here so guis show up on screen.
movegui(gui_hFigure,'onscreen');
else
gui_hFigure = local_openfig(gui_State.gui_Name, gui_SingletonOpt, gui_Visible);
% If the figure has InGUIInitialization it was not completely created
% on the last pass. Delete this handle and try again.
if isappdata(gui_hFigure, 'InGUIInitialization')
delete(gui_hFigure);
gui_hFigure = local_openfig(gui_State.gui_Name, gui_SingletonOpt, gui_Visible);
end
end
if isappdata(0, genvarname(['OpenGuiWhenRunning_', gui_State.gui_Name]))
rmappdata(0,genvarname(['OpenGuiWhenRunning_', gui_State.gui_Name]));
end
% Set flag to indicate starting GUI initialization
setappdata(gui_hFigure,'InGUIInitialization',1);
% Fetch GUIDE Application options
gui_Options = getappdata(gui_hFigure,'GUIDEOptions');
% Singleton setting in the GUI M-file takes priority if different
gui_Options.singleton = gui_State.gui_Singleton;
if ~isappdata(gui_hFigure,'GUIOnScreen')
% Adjust background color
if gui_Options.syscolorfig
set(gui_hFigure,'Color', get(0,'DefaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'));
end
% Generate HANDLES structure and store with GUIDATA. If there is
% user set GUI data already, keep that also.
data = guidata(gui_hFigure);
handles = guihandles(gui_hFigure);
if ~isempty(handles)
if isempty(data)
data = handles;
else
names = fieldnames(handles);
for k=1:length(names)
data.(char(names(k)))=handles.(char(names(k)));
end
end
end
guidata(gui_hFigure, data);
end
% Apply input P/V pairs other than 'visible'
for index=1:2:length(varargin)
if length(varargin) == index || ~ischar(varargin{index})
break;
end
len1 = min(length('visible'),length(varargin{index}));
if ~strncmpi(varargin{index},'visible',len1)
try set(gui_hFigure, varargin{index}, varargin{index+1}), catch break, end
end
end
% If handle visibility is set to 'callback', turn it on until finished
% with OpeningFcn
gui_HandleVisibility = get(gui_hFigure,'HandleVisibility');
if strcmp(gui_HandleVisibility, 'callback')
set(gui_hFigure,'HandleVisibility', 'on');
end
feval(gui_State.gui_OpeningFcn, gui_hFigure, [], guidata(gui_hFigure), varargin{:});
if isscalar(gui_hFigure) && ishandle(gui_hFigure)
% Handle the default callbacks of predefined toolbar tools in this
% GUI, if any
guidemfile('restoreToolbarToolPredefinedCallback',gui_hFigure);
% Update handle visibility
set(gui_hFigure,'HandleVisibility', gui_HandleVisibility);
% Call openfig again to pick up the saved visibility or apply the
% one passed in from the P/V pairs
if ~gui_Exported
gui_hFigure = local_openfig(gui_State.gui_Name, 'reuse',gui_Visible);
elseif ~isempty(gui_VisibleInput)
set(gui_hFigure,'Visible',gui_VisibleInput);
end
if strcmpi(get(gui_hFigure, 'Visible'), 'on')
figure(gui_hFigure);
if gui_Options.singleton
setappdata(gui_hFigure,'GUIOnScreen', 1);
end
end
% Done with GUI initialization
if isappdata(gui_hFigure,'InGUIInitialization')
rmappdata(gui_hFigure,'InGUIInitialization');
end
% If handle visibility is set to 'callback', turn it on until
% finished with OutputFcn
gui_HandleVisibility = get(gui_hFigure,'HandleVisibility');
if strcmp(gui_HandleVisibility, 'callback')
set(gui_hFigure,'HandleVisibility', 'on');
end
gui_Handles = guidata(gui_hFigure);
else
gui_Handles = [];
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = feval(gui_State.gui_OutputFcn, gui_hFigure, [], gui_Handles);
else
feval(gui_State.gui_OutputFcn, gui_hFigure, [], gui_Handles);
end
if isscalar(gui_hFigure) && ishandle(gui_hFigure)
set(gui_hFigure,'HandleVisibility', gui_HandleVisibility);
end
end
function gui_hFigure = local_openfig(name, singleton, visible)
% openfig with three arguments was new from R13. Try to call that first, if
% failed, try the old openfig.
if nargin('openfig') == 2
% OPENFIG did not accept 3rd input argument until R13,
% toggle default figure visible to prevent the figure
% from showing up too soon.
gui_OldDefaultVisible = get(0,'defaultFigureVisible');
set(0,'defaultFigureVisible','off');
gui_hFigure = openfig(name, singleton);
set(0,'defaultFigureVisible',gui_OldDefaultVisible);
else
gui_hFigure = openfig(name, singleton, visible);
end
function result = local_isInvokeActiveXCallback(gui_State, varargin)
try
result = ispc && iscom(varargin{1}) ...
&& isequal(varargin{1},gcbo);
catch
result = false;
end
function result = local_isInvokeHGCallback(gui_State, varargin)
try
fhandle = functions(gui_State.gui_Callback);
result = ~isempty(findstr(gui_State.gui_Name,fhandle.file)) || ...
(ischar(varargin{1}) ...
&& isequal(ishandle(varargin{2}), 1) ...
&& (~isempty(strfind(varargin{1},[get(varargin{2}, 'Tag'), '_'])) || ...
~isempty(strfind(varargin{1}, '_CreateFcn'))) );
catch
result = false;
end