Опять из Слабый хэп-мэп javadoc :
Реализация Map на основе хеш-таблицы со слабыми ключами. Запись в WeakHashMap будет автоматически удалена, если ее ключ больше не используется. Точнее говоря, наличие сопоставления для данного ключа не помешает тому, чтобы ключ был отброшен сборщиком мусора, то есть сделан финализируемым, финализированным и затем восстановленным. Когда ключ отбрасывается, его запись эффективно удаляется с карты, поэтому этот класс ведет себя несколько иначе, чем другие реализации Map.
Который я читаю как: Да ... Когда нет никаких внешних ссылок на Ключ в WeakHaskMap, тогда этот Ключ может быть GC'd, делая связанное Значение недостижимым, поэтому нет прямых ссылок на него) это понятно для GC.
Я собираюсь проверить эту теорию. Это только моя интерпретация документа ... У меня нет опыта работы с WeakHashMap ... но я сразу вижу его потенциал как "безопасный для памяти" объектный кеш.
Приветствия. Кит.
РЕДАКТИРОВАТЬ: Изучение WeakHashMap ... специально проверить мою теорию, что внешние ссылки на конкретный ключ приведет к тому, что этот ключ будет сохранен ... который является pure bunkum; -)
Мой тестовый жгут:
package forums;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.WeakHashMap;
import krc.utilz.Random;
public class WeakCache<K,V> extends WeakHashMap<K,V>
{
private static final int NUM_ITEMS = 2000;
private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
private static void runTest() {
Map<String, String> cache = new WeakCache<String, String>();
String key; // Let's retain a reference to the last key object
for (int i=0; i<NUM_ITEMS; ++i ) {
/*String*/ key = RANDOM.nextString();
cache.put(key, RANDOM.nextString());
}
System.out.println("There are " + cache.size() + " items of " + NUM_ITEMS + " in the cache before GC.");
// try holding a reference to the keys
Set<String> keys = cache.keySet();
System.out.println("There are " + keys.size() + " keys");
// a hint that now would be a good time to run the GC. Note that this
// does NOT guarantee that the Garbage Collector has actually run, or
// that it's done anything if it did run!
System.gc();
System.out.println("There are " + cache.size() + " items of " + NUM_ITEMS + " remaining after GC");
System.out.println("There are " + keys.size() + " keys");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
for (int i=0; i<20; ++i ) {
runTest();
System.out.println();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
(Скорее, недоумение, результаты) одного теста:
There are 1912 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 1378 keys
There are 1378 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 909 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 1961 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1588 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 1936 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1471 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1669 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1264 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1770 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1679 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1774 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1668 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 1834 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 429 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 0 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 0 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
Может показаться, что ключи все еще исчезают, пока выполняется мой код ... возможно, после подсказки GC требуется микросон ... чтобы дать GC время для выполнения своих задач. В любом случае, эта «волатильность» - интересное поведение.
РЕДАКТИРОВАТЬ 2: Да, добавление строки try{Thread.sleep(10);}catch(Exception e){}
непосредственно после System.gc();
делает результаты "более предсказуемыми".
There are 1571 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 1359 keys
There are 0 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 0 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 0 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
There are 2000 items of 2000 in the cache before GC.
There are 2000 keys
There are 0 items of 2000 remaining after GC
There are 0 keys
.... and so on for 20 runs ...
Хммм ... Кэш, который просто полностью исчезает, когда GC запускается ... в произвольные моменты времени в реальном приложении ... мало пользы ... Хм ... Интересно, что такое WeakHashMap? ; -)
Последнее редактирование, я обещаю
Вот мой krc / utilz / Random (используется в вышеуказанном тесте)
package krc.utilz;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
/**
* Generates random values. Extends java.util.Random to do all that plus:<ul>
* <li>generate random values in a given range, and
* <li>generate Strings of random characters and random length.
* </ul>
* <p>
* Motivation: I wanted to generate random Strings of random length for test
* data in some jUnit tests, and was suprised to find no such ability in the
* standard libraries... so I googled it, and came up with Glen McCluskey's
* randomstring function at http://www.glenmccl.com/tip_010.htm. Then I thought
* aha, that's pretty cool, but if we just extended it a bit, and packaged it
* properly then it'd be useful, and reusable. Cool!
* See: http://www.glenmccl.com/tip_010.htm
* See: http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5117756&messageID=9406164
*/
public class Random extends java.util.Random implements Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 34324;
public static final int DEFAULT_MIN_STRING_LENGTH = 5;
public static final int DEFAULT_MAX_STRING_LENGTH = 25;
public Random() {
super();
}
public Random(long seed) {
super(seed);
}
public double nextDouble(double lo, double hi) {
double n = hi - lo;
double i = super.nextDouble() % n;
if (i < 0) i*=-1.0;
return lo + i;
}
/**
* @returns a random int between lo and hi, inclusive.
*/
public int nextInt(int lo, int hi)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
if(lo >= hi) throw new IllegalArgumentException("lo must be < hi");
int n = hi - lo + 1;
int i = super.nextInt() % n;
if (i < 0) i = -i;
return lo + i;
}
/**
* @returns a random int between lo and hi (inclusive), but exluding values
* between xlo and xhi (inclusive).
*/
public int nextInt(int lo, int hi, int xlo, int xhi)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
if(xlo < lo) throw new IllegalArgumentException("xlo must be >= lo");
if(xhi > hi) throw new IllegalArgumentException("xhi must be =< hi");
if(xlo > xhi) throw new IllegalArgumentException("xlo must be >= xhi");
int i;
do {
i = nextInt(lo, hi);
} while(i>=xlo && i<=xhi);
return(i);
}
/**
* @returns a string (of between 5 and 25 characters, inclusive)
* consisting of random alpha-characters [a-z]|[A-Z].
*/
public String nextString()
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
return(nextString(DEFAULT_MIN_STRING_LENGTH, DEFAULT_MAX_STRING_LENGTH));
}
/**
* @returns a String (of between minLen and maxLen chars, inclusive)
* which consists of random alpha-characters. The returned string matches
* the regex "[A-Za-z]{$minLen,$maxLan}".
* @nb: excludes the chars "[\]^_`" between 'Z' and 'a', ie chars (91..96).
* @see: http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/comp/docs/ascii.html
*/
public String nextString(int minLen, int maxLen)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
if(minLen < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("minLen must be >= 0");
if(minLen > maxLen) throw new IllegalArgumentException("minLen must be <= maxLen");
return(nextString(minLen, maxLen, 'A', 'z', '[', '`'));
}
/**
* @does: generates a String (of between minLen and maxLen chars, inclusive)
* which consists of characters between lo and hi, inclusive.
*/
public String nextString(int minLen, int maxLen, char lo, char hi)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
if(lo < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("lo must be >= 0");
String retval = null;
try {
int n = minLen==maxLen ? maxLen : nextInt(minLen, maxLen);
byte b[] = new byte[n];
for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
b[i] = (byte)nextInt((int)lo, (int)hi);
retval = new String(b, Charset.defaultCharset().name());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return retval;
}
/**
* @does: generates a String (of between minLen and maxLen chars, inclusive)
* which consists of characters between lo and hi, inclusive, but excluding
* character between
*/
public String nextString(int minLen, int maxLen, char lo, char hi, char xlo, char xhi)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
if(lo < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("lo must be >= 0");
String retval = null;
try {
int n = minLen==maxLen ? maxLen : nextInt(minLen, maxLen);
byte b[] = new byte[n];
for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
b[i] = (byte)nextInt((int)lo, (int)hi, (int)xlo, (int)xhi);
}
retval = new String(b, Charset.defaultCharset().name());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return retval;
}
}