Это работает для данных
with t as (
select '10006=0;10007=2;10008=5;10009=1;' as col union
select '10006=0;10007=1;10008=6;10009=0;' union
select '10006=0;10007=3;10008=5;10009=1;')
select substring(col,patindex('%10006=[0-9];%',col)+6,1) as critical,
substring(col,patindex('%10007=[0-9];%',col)+6,1) as major,
substring(col,patindex('%10008=[0-9];%',col)+6,1) as minor,
substring(col,patindex('%10009=[0-9];%',col)+6,1) as trivial
from t