Физические константы в R - PullRequest
8 голосов
/ 11 ноября 2011

Просто любопытно - есть ли где-нибудь пакет или набор данных, содержащий значения для физических констант? Я спрашиваю только потому, что я несколько раз набрал 273.15 (в градусах Цельсия в Кельвины). =) * * Тысяча два

Ответы [ 5 ]

10 голосов
/ 11 ноября 2011

Сбор этой информации является довольно сложной задачей, но некоторые термодинамические константы доступны в marelac:

> convert_T(0, "K")
  K       C       F
1 0 -273.15 -459.67

В дополнение к ресурсам R в мой ответ на вопрос о том, что @joran процитировал , это дополнительные ресурсы в NIST:

http://www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/metric/si-units.cfm

http://www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/pubs/upload/AppC-11-hb44-final.pdf

http://www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/pubs/upload/AppC-11-hb44-final.pdf

Я взял на себя задачу чтения таблицы констант NIST, отредактировал ее так, чтобы преобразование в числовое было разумным, и это был входной код:

require(foreign)
fundconst <- read.fwf("allascii.txt", 
                      widths=diff(c(0,54, 77, 99, 111)),
                      header=FALSE, skip=12)
fundconst$V1 <- gsub("  ", "", fundconst[,1])  # strips some of hte white-space
fundconst$V2 <- as.numeric(gsub(" ", "", fundconst[,2]))
fundconst$V3 <- as.numeric(gsub(" ", "", fundconst[,3]))
names(fundconst) <- c("Quantity", "Value", "Uncertainty", "Unit")
dput(fundconst)

.... а вот версия dput:

fundconst <- 
    structure(list(Quantity = c("alpha particle-electron mass ratio", 
"alpha particle mass ", "alpha particle mass energy equivalent ", 
"alpha particle mass energy equivalent in MeV", "alpha particle mass in u", 
"alpha particle molar mass ", "alpha particle-proton mass ratio", 
"Angstrom star ", "atomic mass constant", "atomic mass constant energy equivalent", 
"atomic mass constant energy equivalent in MeV ", "atomic mass unit-electron volt relationship ", 
"atomic mass unit-hartree relationship ", "atomic mass unit-hertz relationship ", 
"atomic mass unit-inverse meter relationship ", "atomic mass unit-joule relationship ", 
"atomic mass unit-kelvin relationship", "atomic mass unit-kilogram relationship", 
"atomic unit of 1st hyperpolarizability", "atomic unit of 2nd hyperpolarizability", 
"atomic unit of action ", "atomic unit of charge ", "atomic unit of charge density ", 
"atomic unit of current", "atomic unit of electric dipole mom. ", 
"atomic unit of electric field ", "atomic unit of electric field gradient", 
"atomic unit of electric polarizability", "atomic unit of electric potential ", 
"atomic unit of electric quadrupole mom. ", "atomic unit of energy ", 
"atomic unit of force", "atomic unit of length ", "atomic unit of mag. dipole mom. ", 
"atomic unit of mag. flux density", "atomic unit of magnetizability", 
"atomic unit of mass ", "atomic unit of mom.um ", "atomic unit of permittivity ", 
"atomic unit of time ", "atomic unit of velocity ", "Avogadro constant ", 
"Bohr magneton ", "Bohr magneton in eV/T ", "Bohr magneton in Hz/T ", 
"Bohr magneton in inverse meters per tesla ", "Bohr magneton in K/T", 
"Bohr radius ", "Boltzmann constant", "Boltzmann constant in eV/K", 
"Boltzmann constant in Hz/K", "Boltzmann constant in inverse meters per kelvin ", 
"characteristic impedance of vacuum", "classical electron radius ", 
"Compton wavelength", "Compton wavelength over 2 pi", "conductance quantum ", 
"conventional value of Josephson constant", "conventional value of von Klitzing constant ", 
"Cu x unit ", "deuteron-electron mag. mom. ratio ", "deuteron-electron mass ratio", 
"deuteron g factor ", "deuteron mag. mom.", "deuteron mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio ", 
"deuteron mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio", "deuteron mass ", 
"deuteron mass energy equivalent ", "deuteron mass energy equivalent in MeV", 
"deuteron mass in u", "deuteron molar mass ", "deuteron-neutron mag. mom. ratio", 
"deuteron-proton mag. mom. ratio ", "deuteron-proton mass ratio", 
"deuteron rms charge radius", "electric constant ", "electron charge to mass quotient", 
"electron-deuteron mag. mom. ratio ", "electron-deuteron mass ratio", 
"electron g factor ", "electron gyromag. ratio ", "electron gyromag. ratio over 2 pi ", 
"electron-helion mass ratio", "electron mag. mom.", "electron mag. mom. anomaly", 
"electron mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio ", "electron mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio", 
"electron mass ", "electron mass energy equivalent ", "electron mass energy equivalent in MeV", 
"electron mass in u", "electron molar mass ", "electron-muon mag. mom. ratio ", 
"electron-muon mass ratio", "electron-neutron mag. mom. ratio", 
"electron-neutron mass ratio ", "electron-proton mag. mom. ratio ", 
"electron-proton mass ratio", "electron-tau mass ratio ", "electron to alpha particle mass ratio ", 
"electron to shielded helion mag. mom. ratio ", "electron to shielded proton mag. mom. ratio ", 
"electron-triton mass ratio", "electron volt ", "electron volt-atomic mass unit relationship ", 
"electron volt-hartree relationship", "electron volt-hertz relationship", 
"electron volt-inverse meter relationship", "electron volt-joule relationship", 
"electron volt-kelvin relationship ", "electron volt-kilogram relationship ", 
"elementary charge ", "elementary charge over h", "Faraday constant", 
"Faraday constant for conventional electric current", "Fermi coupling constant ", 
"fine-structure constant ", "first radiation constant", "first radiation constant for spectral radiance", 
"hartree-atomic mass unit relationship ", "hartree-electron volt relationship", 
"Hartree energy", "Hartree energy in eV", "hartree-hertz relationship", 
"hartree-inverse meter relationship", "hartree-joule relationship", 
"hartree-kelvin relationship ", "hartree-kilogram relationship ", 
"helion-electron mass ratio", "helion g factor ", "helion mag. mom.", 
"helion mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio ", "helion mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio", 
"helion mass ", "helion mass energy equivalent ", "helion mass energy equivalent in MeV", 
"helion mass in u", "helion molar mass ", "helion-proton mass ratio", 
"hertz-atomic mass unit relationship ", "hertz-electron volt relationship", 
"hertz-hartree relationship", "hertz-inverse meter relationship", 
"hertz-joule relationship", "hertz-kelvin relationship ", "hertz-kilogram relationship ", 
"inverse fine-structure constant ", "inverse meter-atomic mass unit relationship ", 
"inverse meter-electron volt relationship", "inverse meter-hartree relationship", 
"inverse meter-hertz relationship", "inverse meter-joule relationship", 
"inverse meter-kelvin relationship ", "inverse meter-kilogram relationship ", 
"inverse of conductance quantum", "Josephson constant", "joule-atomic mass unit relationship ", 
"joule-electron volt relationship", "joule-hartree relationship", 
"joule-hertz relationship", "joule-inverse meter relationship", 
"joule-kelvin relationship ", "joule-kilogram relationship ", 
"kelvin-atomic mass unit relationship", "kelvin-electron volt relationship ", 
"kelvin-hartree relationship ", "kelvin-hertz relationship ", 
"kelvin-inverse meter relationship ", "kelvin-joule relationship ", 
"kelvin-kilogram relationship", "kilogram-atomic mass unit relationship", 
"kilogram-electron volt relationship ", "kilogram-hartree relationship ", 
"kilogram-hertz relationship ", "kilogram-inverse meter relationship ", 
"kilogram-joule relationship ", "kilogram-kelvin relationship", 
"lattice parameter of silicon", "Loschmidt constant (273.15 K, 100 kPa)", 
"Loschmidt constant (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa)", "mag. constant ", 
"mag. flux quantum ", "molar gas constant", "molar mass constant ", 
"molar mass of carbon-12 ", "molar Planck constant ", "molar Planck constant times c ", 
"molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K, 100 kPa) ", "molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa) ", 
"molar volume of silicon ", "Mo x unit ", "muon Compton wavelength ", 
"muon Compton wavelength over 2 pi ", "muon-electron mass ratio", 
"muon g factor ", "muon mag. mom.", "muon mag. mom. anomaly", 
"muon mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio ", "muon mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio", 
"muon mass ", "muon mass energy equivalent ", "muon mass energy equivalent in MeV", 
"muon mass in u", "muon molar mass ", "muon-neutron mass ratio ", 
"muon-proton mag. mom. ratio ", "muon-proton mass ratio", "muon-tau mass ratio ", 
"natural unit of action", "natural unit of action in eV s", "natural unit of energy", 
"natural unit of energy in MeV ", "natural unit of length", "natural unit of mass", 
"natural unit of mom.um", "natural unit of mom.um in MeV/c ", 
"natural unit of time", "natural unit of velocity", "neutron Compton wavelength", 
"neutron Compton wavelength over 2 pi", "neutron-electron mag. mom. ratio", 
"neutron-electron mass ratio ", "neutron g factor", "neutron gyromag. ratio", 
"neutron gyromag. ratio over 2 pi", "neutron mag. mom. ", "neutron mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio", 
"neutron mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio ", "neutron mass", 
"neutron mass energy equivalent", "neutron mass energy equivalent in MeV ", 
"neutron mass in u ", "neutron molar mass", "neutron-muon mass ratio ", 
"neutron-proton mag. mom. ratio", "neutron-proton mass difference", 
"neutron-proton mass difference energy equivalent", "neutron-proton mass difference energy equivalent MeV", 
"neutron-proton mass difference in u ", "neutron-proton mass ratio ", 
"neutron-tau mass ratio", "neutron to shielded proton mag. mom. ratio", 
"Newtonian constant of gravitation ", "Newtonian constant of gravitation over h-bar c", 
"nuclear magneton", "nuclear magneton in eV/T", "nuclear magneton in inverse meters per tesla", 
"nuclear magneton in K/T ", "nuclear magneton in MHz/T ", "Planck constant ", 
"Planck constant in eV s ", "Planck constant over 2 pi ", "Planck constant over 2 pi in eV s ", 
"Planck constant over 2 pi times c in MeV fm ", "Planck length ", 
"Planck mass ", "Planck mass energy equivalent in GeV", "Planck temperature", 
"Planck time ", "proton charge to mass quotient", "proton Compton wavelength ", 
"proton Compton wavelength over 2 pi ", "proton-electron mass ratio", 
"proton g factor ", "proton gyromag. ratio ", "proton gyromag. ratio over 2 pi ", 
"proton mag. mom.", "proton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio ", 
"proton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio", "proton mag. shielding correction", 
"proton mass ", "proton mass energy equivalent ", "proton mass energy equivalent in MeV", 
"proton mass in u", "proton molar mass ", "proton-muon mass ratio", 
"proton-neutron mag. mom. ratio", "proton-neutron mass ratio ", 
"proton rms charge radius", "proton-tau mass ratio ", "quantum of circulation", 
"quantum of circulation times 2", "Rydberg constant", "Rydberg constant times c in Hz", 
"Rydberg constant times hc in eV ", "Rydberg constant times hc in J", 
"Sackur-Tetrode constant (1 K, 100 kPa)", "Sackur-Tetrode constant (1 K, 101.325 kPa)", 
"second radiation constant ", "shielded helion gyromag. ratio", 
"shielded helion gyromag. ratio over 2 pi", "shielded helion mag. mom. ", 
"shielded helion mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio", "shielded helion mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio ", 
"shielded helion to proton mag. mom. ratio ", "shielded helion to shielded proton mag. mom. ratio", 
"shielded proton gyromag. ratio", "shielded proton gyromag. ratio over 2 pi", 
"shielded proton mag. mom. ", "shielded proton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio", 
"shielded proton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio ", "speed of light in vacuum", 
"standard acceleration of gravity", "standard atmosphere ", "standard-state pressure ", 
"Stefan-Boltzmann constant ", "tau Compton wavelength", "tau Compton wavelength over 2 pi", 
"tau-electron mass ratio ", "tau mass", "tau mass energy equivalent", 
"tau mass energy equivalent in MeV ", "tau mass in u ", "tau molar mass", 
"tau-muon mass ratio ", "tau-neutron mass ratio", "tau-proton mass ratio ", 
"Thomson cross section ", "triton-electron mass ratio", "triton g factor ", 
"triton mag. mom.", "triton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio ", 
"triton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio", "triton mass ", 
"triton mass energy equivalent ", "triton mass energy equivalent in MeV", 
"triton mass in u", "triton molar mass ", "triton-proton mass ratio", 
"unified atomic mass unit", "von Klitzing constant ", "weak mixing angle ", 
"Wien frequency displacement law constant", "Wien wavelength displacement law constant "
), Value = c(7294.2995361, 6.64465675e-27, 5.97191967e-10, 3727.37924, 
4.001506179125, 0.004001506179125, 3.97259968933, 1.00001495e-10, 
1.660538921e-27, 1.492417954e-10, 931.494061, 931494061, 34231776.845, 
2.2523427168e+23, 751300660420000, 1.492417954e-10, 10809540800000, 
1.660538921e-27, 3.206361449e-53, 6.23538054e-65, 1.054571726e-34, 
1.602176565e-19, 1081202338000, 0.00662361795, 8.47835326e-30, 
514220652000, 9.717362e+21, 1.6487772754e-41, 27.21138505, 4.486551331e-40, 
4.35974434e-18, 8.23872278e-08, 5.2917721092e-11, 1.854801936e-23, 
235051.7464, 7.891036607e-29, 9.10938291e-31, 1.99285174e-24, 
1.112650056e-10, 2.418884326502e-17, 2187691.26379, 6.02214129e+23, 
9.27400968e-24, 5.7883818066e-05, 13996245550, 46.6864498, 0.67171388, 
5.2917721092e-11, 1.3806488e-23, 8.6173324e-05, 20836618000, 
69.503476, 376.730313461, 2.8179403267e-15, 2.4263102389e-12, 
3.86159268e-13, 7.7480917346e-05, 4.835979e+14, 25812.807, 1.00207697e-13, 
-0.0004664345537, 3670.4829652, 0.8574382308, 4.33073489e-27, 
0.0004669754556, 0.8574382308, 3.34358348e-27, 3.00506297e-10, 
1875.612859, 2.013553212712, 0.002013553212712, -0.44820652, 
0.307012207, 1.99900750097, 2.1424e-15, 8.854187817e-12, -175882008800, 
-2143.923498, 0.00027244371095, -2.00231930436153, 176085970800, 
28024.95266, 0.00018195430761, -9.2847643e-24, 0.00115965218076, 
-1.00115965218076, -1838.2819709, 9.10938291e-31, 8.18710506e-14, 
0.510998928, 0.00054857990946, 5.4857990946e-07, 206.7669896, 
0.00483633166, 960.9205, 0.00054386734461, -658.2106848, 0.00054461702178, 
0.000287592, 0.000137093355578, 864.058257, -658.2275971, 0.00018192000653, 
1.602176565e-19, 1.07354415e-09, 0.03674932379, 241798934800000, 
806554.429, 1.602176565e-19, 11604.519, 1.782661845e-36, 1.602176565e-19, 
241798934800000, 96485.3365, 96485.3321, 1.166364e-05, 0.0072973525698, 
3.74177153e-16, 1.191042869e-16, 2.9212623246e-08, 27.21138505, 
4.35974434e-18, 27.21138505, 6579683920729000, 21947463.13708, 
4.35974434e-18, 315775.04, 4.85086979e-35, 5495.8852754, -4.255250613, 
-1.074617486e-26, -0.001158740958, -2.127625306, 5.00641234e-27, 
4.49953902e-10, 2808.391482, 3.0149322468, 0.0030149322468, 2.9931526707, 
4.4398216689e-24, 4.135667516e-15, 1.5198298460045e-16, 3.335640951e-09, 
6.62606957e-34, 4.7992434e-11, 7.37249668e-51, 137.035999074, 
1.3310250512e-15, 1.23984193e-06, 4.556335252755e-08, 299792458, 
1.986445684e-25, 0.01438777, 2.210218902e-42, 12906.4037217, 
4.8359787e+14, 6700535850, 6.24150934e+18, 2.29371248e+17, 1.509190311e+33, 
5.03411701e+24, 7.2429716e+22, 1.112650056e-17, 9.2510868e-14, 
8.6173324e-05, 3.1668114e-06, 20836618000, 69.503476, 1.3806488e-23, 
1.536179e-40, 6.02214129e+26, 5.60958885e+35, 2.061485968e+34, 
1.356392608e+50, 4.52443873e+41, 8.987551787e+16, 6.5096582e+39, 
5.431020504e-10, 2.6516462e+25, 2.6867805e+25, 1.2566370614e-06, 
2.067833758e-15, 8.3144621, 0.001, 0.012, 3.9903127176e-10, 0.119626565779, 
0.022710953, 0.022413968, 1.205883301e-05, 1.00209952e-13, 1.173444103e-14, 
1.867594294e-15, 206.7682843, -2.0023318418, -4.49044807e-26, 
0.00116592091, -0.00484197044, -8.89059697, 1.883531475e-28, 
1.692833667e-11, 105.6583715, 0.1134289267, 0.0001134289267, 
0.1124545177, -3.183345107, 0.1126095272, 0.0594649, 1.054571726e-34, 
6.58211928e-16, 8.18710506e-14, 0.510998928, 3.86159268e-13, 
9.10938291e-31, 2.73092429e-22, 0.510998928, 1.28808866833e-21, 
299792458, 1.3195909068e-15, 2.1001941568e-16, 0.00104066882, 
1838.6836605, -3.82608545, 183247179, 29.1646943, -9.6623647e-27, 
-0.00104187563, -1.91304272, 1.674927351e-27, 1.505349631e-10, 
939.565379, 1.008664916, 0.001008664916, 8.892484, -0.68497934, 
2.30557392e-30, 2.0721465e-13, 1.29333217, 0.00138844919, 1.00137841917, 
0.52879, -0.68499694, 6.67384e-11, 6.70837e-39, 5.05078353e-27, 
3.1524512605e-08, 0.02542623527, 0.00036582682, 7.62259357, 6.62606957e-34, 
4.135667516e-15, 1.054571726e-34, 6.58211928e-16, 197.3269718, 
1.616199e-35, 2.17651e-08, 1.220932e+19, 1.416833e+32, 5.39106e-44, 
95788335.8, 1.32140985623e-15, 2.1030891047e-16, 1836.15267245, 
5.585694713, 267522200.5, 42.5774806, 1.410606743e-26, 0.00152103221, 
2.792847356, 2.5694e-05, 1.672621777e-27, 1.503277484e-10, 938.272046, 
1.007276466812, 0.001007276466812, 8.88024331, -1.45989806, 0.99862347826, 
8.775e-16, 0.528063, 0.0003636947552, 0.0007273895104, 10973731.568539, 
3289841960364000, 13.60569253, 2.179872171e-18, -1.1517078, -1.1648708, 
0.01438777, 203789465.9, 32.43410084, -1.074553044e-26, -0.001158671471, 
-2.127497718, -0.761766558, -0.7617861313, 267515326.8, 42.5763866, 
1.410570499e-26, 0.001520993128, 2.792775598, 299792458, 9.80665, 
101325, 1e+05, 5.670373e-08, 6.97787e-16, 1.11056e-16, 3477.15, 
3.16747e-27, 2.84678e-10, 1776.82, 1.90749, 0.00190749, 16.8167, 
1.89111, 1.89372, 6.652458734e-29, 5496.9215267, 5.957924896, 
1.504609447e-26, 0.001622393657, 2.978962448, 5.0073563e-27, 
4.50038741e-10, 2808.921005, 3.0155007134, 0.0030155007134, 2.9937170308, 
1.660538921e-27, 25812.8074434, 0.2223, 58789254000, 0.0028977721
), Uncertainty = c(2.9e-06, 2.9e-34, 2.6e-17, 8.2e-05, 6.2e-11, 
6.2e-14, 3.6e-10, 9e-17, 7.3e-35, 6.6e-18, 2.1e-05, 21, 0.024, 
1.6e+14, 530000, 6.6e-18, 9800000, 7.3e-35, 7.1e-61, 2.8e-72, 
4.7e-42, 3.5e-27, 24000, 1.5e-10, 1.9e-37, 11000, 2.1e+14, 1.6e-50, 
6e-07, 9.9e-48, 1.9e-25, 3.6e-15, 1.7e-20, 4.1e-31, 0.0052, 1.3e-37, 
4e-38, 8.8e-32, NA, 1.2e-28, 0.00071, 2.7e+16, 2e-31, 3.8e-14, 
310, 1e-06, 6.1e-07, 1.7e-20, 1.3e-29, 7.8e-11, 19000, 6.3e-05, 
NA, 2.7e-24, 1.6e-21, 2.5e-22, 2.5e-14, NA, NA, 2.8e-20, 3.9e-12, 
1.5e-06, 7.2e-09, 1e-34, 3.9e-12, 7.2e-09, 1.5e-34, 1.3e-17, 
4.1e-05, 7.7e-11, 7.7e-14, 1.1e-07, 2.4e-09, 1.8e-10, 2.1e-18, 
NA, 3900, 1.8e-05, 1.1e-13, 5.3e-13, 3900, 0.00062, 1.7e-13, 
2.1e-31, 2.7e-13, 2.7e-13, 7.5e-07, 4e-38, 3.6e-21, 1.1e-08, 
2.2e-13, 2.2e-16, 5.2e-06, 1.2e-10, 0.00023, 3.2e-13, 5.4e-06, 
2.2e-13, 2.6e-08, 5.5e-14, 1e-05, 7.2e-06, 1.7e-13, 3.5e-27, 
2.4e-17, 8.1e-10, 5300000, 0.018, 3.5e-27, 0.011, 3.9e-44, 3.5e-27, 
5300000, 0.0021, 0.0043, 5e-11, 2.4e-12, 1.7e-23, 5.3e-24, 2.1e-17, 
6e-07, 1.9e-25, 6e-07, 33000, 0.00011, 1.9e-25, 0.29, 2.1e-42, 
5e-06, 5e-08, 2.7e-34, 1.4e-11, 2.5e-08, 2.2e-34, 2e-17, 6.2e-05, 
2.5e-09, 2.5e-12, 2.5e-09, 3.1e-33, 9.1e-23, 7.6e-12, NA, 2.9e-41, 
4.4e-17, 3.3e-58, 4.4e-08, 9.4e-25, 2.7e-14, 2.3e-19, NA, 8.8e-33, 
1.3e-08, 9.8e-50, 4.2e-06, 1.1e+07, 300, 1.4e+11, 1e+10, 6.7e+25, 
2.2e+17, 6.6e+16, NA, 8.4e-20, 7.8e-11, 2.9e-12, 19000, 6.3e-05, 
1.3e-29, 1.4e-46, 2.7e+19, 1.2e+28, 9.1e+26, 6e+42, 2e+34, NA, 
5.9e+33, 8.9e-18, 2.4e+19, 2.4e+19, NA, 4.6e-23, 7.5e-06, NA, 
NA, 2.8e-19, 8.4e-11, 2.1e-08, 2e-08, 8e-13, 5.3e-20, 3e-22, 
4.7e-23, 5.2e-06, 1.3e-09, 1.5e-33, 6.3e-10, 1.2e-10, 2.2e-07, 
9.6e-36, 8.6e-19, 3.5e-06, 2.9e-09, 2.9e-12, 2.8e-09, 8.4e-08, 
2.8e-09, 5.4e-06, 4.7e-42, 1.5e-23, 3.6e-21, 1.1e-08, 2.5e-22, 
4e-38, 1.2e-29, 1.1e-08, 8.3e-31, NA, 1.1e-24, 1.7e-25, 2.5e-10, 
1.1e-06, 9e-07, 43, 6.9e-06, 2.3e-33, 2.5e-10, 4.5e-07, 7.4e-35, 
6.6e-18, 2.1e-05, 4.3e-10, 4.3e-13, 2.2e-07, 1.6e-07, 7.6e-37, 
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3 голосов
/ 11 ноября 2011

Пакеты marelac и dielectric оба имеют некоторые физические константы, но не те, которые конкретно.marelac::convert_T выполнит преобразование температуры.

2 голосов
/ 11 ноября 2011

Могу я порекомендовать 2 варианта:

1) Если вам нужны эти константы постоянно, вы можете использовать библиотеку .First в форме C2K<-273.15. Вы можете назначать константы и хранить их там. Подробнее об этом см. http://cran.r -project.org / doc / contrib / Lemon-kickstart / kr_first.html

2) Если вы хотите использовать файлы только иногда, сохраните константы в текстовом файле в том же формате, что и выше x<-273.15, а затем укажите путь к этому файлу, используя функцию источника в следующем формате: source(C:\Users\PAth to save file text\formulas.txt)

Это дает вам больше контроля над константами, чем полагаясь на пакет, который может содержать или не содержать то, что вы хотите.

1 голос
/ 11 ноября 2011

Должно быть довольно легко загрузить и проанализировать это:

http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt

  • выглядит как фиксированный формат, но эти числовые тройки могут быть немного неудобными.У него нет вашего 273.15, хотя, потому что, может быть, это не «физическая константа» по определению.Но если вам когда-нибудь понадобится экранированный гелион для экранированного протонного магнита.Мама.ratio, it there.

[фактически, поцарапайте, что этот файл неправильно отформатирован, а пара констант нарушает даже приблизительное форматирование с фиксированной шириной.Нужна умная обработка, чтобы быть полезной]

0 голосов
/ 22 января 2015

Вот еще один анализ таблицы физических констант NIST CODATA.Это похоже на ответ BondedDust выше, но с (что я думаю, что) немного легче читаемость за счет использования stringr.


    #parsing NIST CODATA data for physical constants 
    require(stringr)    #simplifies regex usage syntax in R

    #web page with data
    link <- &#039;http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt&#039;

    allstr <- readLines(link)
    codata.str   <- allstr[11:345]  #data starts at line 11

    #at least 3 spaces separate columns
    codata.str2  <- str_replace_all(codata.str, &#039;[ ]{3,100}&#039;, &#039;\t&#039;) 

    #four cols in source table
    codata.mat   <- str_split_fixed(codata.str2, &#039;\t&#039;, n=4) 

    #eliminate spaces separating every three decimal digits 
    codata.mat[,c(2,3)] <- str_replace_all(codata.mat[,c(2,3)], " ", "") 

    codata <- data.frame(quantity    = codata.mat[,1],
                            value       = as.numeric(codata.mat[,2]),
                            uncertainty = as.numeric(codata.mat[,3]),
                            units       = codata.mat[,4]
                )

И это все.Теперь в R легко найти данные, чтобы найти нужные вам константы и назначить константы, которые вы будете использовать для имен переменных, без необходимости их ручного ввода.


    > codata[str_detect(codata$quantity, 'electron mass'),]
                                      quantity        value uncertainty units
    2       alpha particle-electron mass ratio 7.294300e+03     2.9e-06      
    63            deuteron-electron mass ratio 3.670483e+03     1.5e-06      
    89                           electron mass 9.109383e-31     4.0e-38    kg
    90         electron mass energy equivalent 8.187105e-14     3.6e-21     J
    91  electron mass energy equivalent in MeV 5.109989e-01     1.1e-08   MeV
    92                      electron mass in u 5.485799e-04     2.2e-13     u
    130             helion-electron mass ratio 5.495885e+03     5.0e-06      
    195               muon-electron mass ratio 2.067683e+02     5.2e-06      
    223            neutron-electron mass ratio 1.838684e+03     1.1e-06      
    264             proton-electron mass ratio 1.836153e+03     7.5e-07      
    310                tau-electron mass ratio 3.477150e+03     3.1e-01      
    320             triton-electron mass ratio 5.496922e+03     5.0e-06

    > me.u < codata[str_detect(codata$quantity, 'electron mass in u'),'value']
    > me.u
    [1] 0.0005485799
...