Если вы работаете с UITextfield, вы можете получить эту информацию с помощью свойства keyboardType:
textField.keyboardType
Apple Doc:
typedef enum {
UIKeyboardTypeDefault, // Default type for the current input method.
UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable, // Displays a keyboard which can enter ASCII characters, non-ASCII keyboards remain active
UIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation, // Numbers and assorted punctuation.
UIKeyboardTypeURL, // A type optimized for URL entry (shows . / .com prominently).
UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad, // A number pad (0-9). Suitable for PIN entry.
UIKeyboardTypePhonePad, // A phone pad (1-9, *, 0, #, with letters under the numbers).
UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad, // A type optimized for entering a person's name or phone number.
UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress, // A type optimized for multiple email address entry (shows space @ . prominently).
#if __IPHONE_4_1 <= __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED
UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad, // A number pad with a decimal point.
#endif
#if __IPHONE_5_0 <= __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED
UIKeyboardTypeTwitter, // A type optimized for twitter text entry (easy access to @ #)
#endif
UIKeyboardTypeAlphabet = UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable, // Deprecated
} UIKeyboardType;