# Start using these!
use strict;
use warnings;
# A more standard way of writing your example.
my $ref = { a => "b", c => { d => "e", f => "g" } };
# How to access elements within the structure.
my $inner = $ref->{c};
print $_, "\n" for
$inner->{d}, # e
keys %$inner, # d f
$ref->{c}{d}, # e (directly, without using intermediate variable).
;
Для получения дополнительной информации см. Руководство по структурам данных Perl .