Как активировать JavaScript ранее в DOM в определенном DIV? - PullRequest
1 голос
/ 20 марта 2019

Я пытаюсь создать простую программу на JavaScript, в которой вы можете щелкнуть по конкретному фрукту из списка, и он даст некоторую информацию о фрукте, а также загрузит 3D-модель в окно DIV.

Я почти закончил, но не понимаю, как я могу активировать скрипт в div в зависимости от того, на что нажимает пользователь.Прямо сейчас я просто пытаюсь протестировать его, активировав консольный журнал.

Один из способов, который я пытаюсь, это поместить некоторый скрипт в div и активировать его, вставив оператор, который активируется, когда его значение равноизменился, но я еще не добился успеха с этим.Это мой первый проект, поэтому здесь может быть много идиотских вещей - пожалуйста, критикуйте меня и за них

У меня сейчас настроена его активация на Peach

    //have clicked fruit items relay to function
    var apple = document.getElementById('apple').onclick = apple;
    var banana = document.getElementById('banana').onclick = banana;
    var strawberry = document.getElementById('strawberry').onclick = strawberry;
    var orange = document.getElementById('orange').onclick = orange;
    var pineapple = document.getElementById('pineapple').onclick = pineapple;
    var blueberry = document.getElementById('blueberry').onclick = blueberry;
    var grape = document.getElementById('grape').onclick = grape;
    var lemon = document.getElementById('lemon').onclick = lemon;
    var kiwi = document.getElementById('kiwi').onclick = kiwi;
    var watermelon = document.getElementById('watermelon').onclick = watermelon;
    var peach = document.getElementById('peach').onclick = peach;
    
    //redefine variables --> reset styling
    function styleReset() {
        
        var apple = document.getElementById("apple");
        apple.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var banana = document.getElementById("banana");
        banana.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var strawberry = document.getElementById("strawberry");
        strawberry.style.color = "hotpink";
       
        var orange = document.getElementById("orange");
        orange.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var pineapple = document.getElementById("pineapple");
        pineapple.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var blueberry = document.getElementById("blueberry");
        blueberry.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var grape = document.getElementById("grape");
        grape.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var lemon = document.getElementById("lemon");
        lemon.style.color = "hotpink";
        
        var kiwi = document.getElementById("kiwi");
        kiwi.style.color = "hotpink";
       
        var watermelon = document.getElementById("watermelon");
        watermelon.style.color = "hotpink";
       
        var peach = document.getElementById("peach");
        peach.style.color = "hotpink";
    }

    //define each fruit function
    function apple(){
        console.log("loading apple");
        styleReset();
        var apple = document.getElementById('apple');
        apple.style.color = "red";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Apple";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus pumila). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe and were brought to North America by European colonists.";
    }

    function banana(){
        console.log("loading banana");
        styleReset();
        var banana = document.getElementById('banana');
        banana.style.color = "gold";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Banana";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "A banana is an edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called 'plantains.' Musa species are native to tropical Indomalaya and Australia, and are likely to have been first domesticated in Papua New Guinea. They are grown in 135 countries and the world's largest producers of bananas are India and China";
    }

    function strawberry(){
        console.log("loading strawberry");
        styleReset();
        var strawberry = document.getElementById('strawberry');
        strawberry.style.color = "red";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Strawberry";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "The garden strawberry is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria, collectively known as the strawberries. It is cultivated worldwide for its fruit. The fruit is widely appreciated for its characteristic aroma, bright red color, juicy texture, and sweetness.";
    }

    function orange(){
        console.log("loading orange");
        styleReset();
        var orange = document.getElementById('orange');
        orange.style.color = "peru";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Orange";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "The orange is the fruit of the citrus species Citrus × sinensis in the family Rutaceae.  It is known as the 'Sweet Orange.' It originated in ancient China and the earliest mention of the sweet orange was in Chinese literature in 314 BC. As of 1987, orange trees were found to be the most cultivated fruit tree in the world. In 2014, 70.9 million tonnes of oranges were grown worldwide, with Brazil producing 24% of the world total followed by China and India. Oranges are infertile and reproduce asexually.";
    }

    function pineapple(){
        console.log("loading pineapple");
        styleReset();
        var pineapple = document.getElementById('pineapple');
        pineapple.style.color = "yellow";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Pineapple";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "The word 'pineapple' in English was first recorded to describe the reproductive organs of conifer trees (now termed pine cones). When European explorers encountered this tropical fruit in the Americas, they called them 'pineapples' (first referenced in 1664, for resemblance to pine cones). The plant is indigenous to South America and is said to originate from the area between southern Brazil and Paraguay. Columbus encountered the pineapple in 1493 on the leeward island of Guadeloupe. He called it piña de Indes, meaning 'pine of the Indians', and brought it back with him to Spain.";
    }

    function blueberry(){
        console.log("loading blueberry");
        styleReset();
        var blueberry = document.getElementById('blueberry');
        blueberry.style.color = "blue";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Blueberry";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "Blueberries are perennial flowering plants with blue– or purple–colored berries. They are classified in the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium. Commercial 'blueberries' are all native to North America. They are covered in a protective coating of powdery epicuticular wax, colloquially known as the 'bloom'. They have a sweet taste when mature, with variable acidity. ";
    }

    function grape(){
        console.log("loading grape");
        styleReset();
        var grape = document.getElementById('grape');
        grape.style.color = "purple";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Grape";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus Vitis. Grapes are a non-climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters. The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East.[1] Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the discovery of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia.";
    }

    function lemon(){
        console.log("loading lemon");
        styleReset();
        var lemon = document.getElementById('lemon');
        lemon.style.color = "yellow";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Lemon";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "The lemon, Citrus limon Osbeck, is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to South Asia, primarily North eastern India. The juice of the lemon is about 5% to 6% citric acid, with a pH of around 2.2, giving it a sour taste. The distinctive sour taste of lemon juice makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as lemonade and lemon meringue pie.";
    }

    function kiwi(){
        console.log("loading kiwi");
        styleReset();
        var kiwi = document.getElementById('kiwi');
        kiwi.style.color = "green";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Kiwi";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "Kiwi is the edible berry of several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia. It has a fibrous, dull greenish-brown skin and bright green or golden flesh with rows of tiny, black, edible seeds. Kiwifruit is native to north-central and eastern China. The first recorded description of the kiwifruit dates to 12th century China during the Song dynasty.  China produced 56% of the world total of kiwifruit in 2016.";
    }

    function watermelon(){
        console.log("loading watermelon");
        styleReset();
        var watermelon = document.getElementById('watermelon');
        watermelon.style.color = "crimson";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Watermelon";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "Citrullus lanatus is a plant species in the family Cucurbitaceae, a vine-like flowering plant originating in West Africa. It is cultivated for its fruit. There is evidence from seeds in Pharaoh tombs of watermelon cultivation in Ancient Egypt. Watermelon is grown in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide for its large edible fruit, also known as a watermelon, which is a special kind of berry with a hard rind and no internal division, botanically called a pepo.";
    }

    function peach(){
        console.log("loading peach");
        styleReset();
        var peach = document.getElementById('peach');
        peach.style.color = "peru";
        fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
        fruitName.innerText = "Peach";
        fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
        fruitDesc.innerText = "The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated. The specific name persica refers to its widespread cultivation in Persia (modern-day Iran), from where it was transplanted to Europe. China alone produced 58% of the world's total for peaches and nectarines in 2016.";
        //activate 3d view window
        var x = document.getElementById('x');
        x.innerHTML = 1;
    }
    
* {
    margin: 0px;
    padding: 0px;
    border: 0px;
}



.container {
background-color: beige;
width: 600px;
min-height: 550px;
border-radius: 30px;
margin: 40px auto;
}

.title {
    font-family: sans-serif;
    margin: 20px 20px 20px 20px;
    color: indianred;
    display: inline-block;
    float: left;
}

.box3d {
    float: right;
    height: 225px;
    width: 280px;
    background-color: slategray;
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 25px 50px 0px 0px;
}

.desc {
    float: right;
    height: 225px;
    width: 350px;
    background-color: white;
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 25px 50px 0px 0px;
    overflow: auto;
}

.fruitlist {
    padding-left: 20px;
    margin: 20px 0px 0px 30px;
    list-style: none;
    display: inline-block;
    float: left;
}

li {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    font-family: sans-serif;
    color: purple;
    font-size: 18px;
}

li:hover {
    font-size: 20px;
    color: hotpink;
}

#fruitName {
    color: blue;
    margin: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
    border-bottom: solid 3px blue;
    font-family: sans-serif;
}

#fruitDesc {
    margin: 10px 10px 0px 10px;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>FruityView</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="fruitstyle.css">
</head>

<body>
    
<div class = "container">

<h1 class = "title">FruityView</h1>
<!--3D MODEL VIEW WINDOW-->
<div class="box3d" id = "box3d">
    
    <p id='x'>0</p>
    
    <script>
       
      //this doesn't work - maybe I could do some sort of for loop that could retest it? 
      var x = document.getElementById('x');
       console.log(x); 
        function view3d() {
            console.log("view function activated");
        }
        
        if (x == 1) {
            view3d();
        }
      
        //this doesn't work - I know it would if it came after the list but I don't want to do that
        /*var peach = document.getElementById('peach').onclick = peach;
        peach() {
            console.log("successful activation");
        }
        */

    </script>

</div>
<br>

<!--SELECTION LIST-->
<ul class="fruitlist">

    <li id = "apple">Apple</li>
    <li id = "banana">Banana</li>
    <li id = "strawberry">Strawberry</li>
    <li id = "orange">Orange</li>
    <li id = "pineapple">Pineapple</li>
    <li id = "blueberry">Blueberry</li>
    <li id = "grape">Grape</li>
    <li id = "lemon">Lemon</li>
    <li id = "kiwi">Kiwi</li>
    <li id = "watermelon">Watermelon</li>
    <li id = "peach">Peach</li>

</ul>

<!--NAME AND DESCRIPTION-->
<div class="desc">
    <h3 id = "fruitName">Welcome to FruityView</h3>
    <p id = "fruitDesc">Please pick a fruit</p>
</div>

</div>

<script src="fruityview.js"></script>

</body>
</html>  

Ответы [ 2 ]

1 голос
/ 20 марта 2019

Подумайте о том, чтобы сохранить информацию о фруктах в виде данных и использовать некоторые общие общие функции для визуализации.

Можете ли вы сообщить нам, откуда поступают 3D-данные, и мы можем добавить эту функцию.

let fruits = [{
    name: "apple",
    description: "An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus pumila). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe and were brought to North America by European colonists.",
    color: "green"
  },
  {
    name: "banana",
    description: "A banana is an edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called 'plantains.' Musa species are native to tropical Indomalaya and Australia, and are likely to have been first domesticated in Papua New Guinea. They are grown in 135 countries and the world's largest producers of bananas are India and China",
    color: "gold"
  },
  {
    name: "strawberry",
    description: "The garden strawberry is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria, collectively known as the strawberries. It is cultivated worldwide for its fruit. The fruit is widely appreciated for its characteristic aroma, bright red color, juicy texture, and sweetness.",
    color: "red"
  },
  {
    name: "orange",
    description: "The orange is the fruit of the citrus species Citrus × sinensis in the family Rutaceae.  It is known as the 'Sweet Orange.' It originated in ancient China and the earliest mention of the sweet orange was in Chinese literature in 314 BC. As of 1987, orange trees were found to be the most cultivated fruit tree in the world. In 2014, 70.9 million tonnes of oranges were grown worldwide, with Brazil producing 24% of the world total followed by China and India. Oranges are infertile and reproduce asexually.",
    color: "peru"
  },
  {
    name: "pineapple",
    description: "The word 'pineapple' in English was first recorded to describe the reproductive organs of conifer trees (now termed pine cones). When European explorers encountered this tropical fruit in the Americas, they called them 'pineapples' (first referenced in 1664, for resemblance to pine cones). The plant is indigenous to South America and is said to originate from the area between southern Brazil and Paraguay. Columbus encountered the pineapple in 1493 on the leeward island of Guadeloupe. He called it piña de Indes, meaning 'pine of the Indians', and brought it back with him to Spain.",
    color: "yellow"
  },
  {
    name: "blueberry",
    description: "Blueberries are perennial flowering plants with blue– or purple–colored berries. They are classified in the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium. Commercial 'blueberries' are all native to North America. They are covered in a protective coating of powdery epicuticular wax, colloquially known as the 'bloom'. They have a sweet taste when mature, with variable acidity.",
    color: "blue"
  },
  {
    name: "grape",
    description: "A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus Vitis. Grapes are a non-climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters. The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East.[1] Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the discovery of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia.",
    color: "purple"
  },
  {
    name: "lemon",
    description: "The lemon, Citrus limon Osbeck, is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to South Asia, primarily North eastern India. The juice of the lemon is about 5% to 6% citric acid, with a pH of around 2.2, giving it a sour taste. The distinctive sour taste of lemon juice makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as lemonade and lemon meringue pie.",
    color: "yellow"
  },
  {
    name: "kiwi",
    description: "Kiwi is the edible berry of several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia. It has a fibrous, dull greenish-brown skin and bright green or golden flesh with rows of tiny, black, edible seeds. Kiwifruit is native to north-central and eastern China. The first recorded description of the kiwifruit dates to 12th century China during the Song dynasty.  China produced 56% of the world total of kiwifruit in 2016.",
    color: "green"
  },
  {
    name: "watermelon",
    description: "Citrullus lanatus is a plant species in the family Cucurbitaceae, a vine-like flowering plant originating in West Africa. It is cultivated for its fruit. There is evidence from seeds in Pharaoh tombs of watermelon cultivation in Ancient Egypt. Watermelon is grown in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide for its large edible fruit, also known as a watermelon, which is a special kind of berry with a hard rind and no internal division, botanically called a pepo.",
    color: "crimson"
  },
  {
    name: "peach",
    description: "The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated. The specific name persica refers to its widespread cultivation in Persia (modern-day Iran), from where it was transplanted to Europe. China alone produced 58% of the world's total for peaches and nectarines in 2016.",
    color: "peru"
  }
];

function resetStyle() {
  document.querySelectorAll('li').forEach(x => x.style.color = 'hotpink');
}

function setFruit(fruit) {
  console.log(`loading ${fruit.name}`);

  let elem = document.getElementById(fruit.name);
  elem.style.color = fruit.color;
  fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
  fruitName.innerText = fruit.name;
  fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
  fruitDesc.innerText = fruit.description;
  //activate 3d view window
  var x = document.getElementById('x');
  x.innerHTML = 1;
}

document.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
  if (e.target.matches('li')) {
    resetStyle();
    setFruit(fruits.find(f => f.name === e.target.id));
  }
});
* {
  margin: 0px;
  padding: 0px;
  border: 0px;
}

.container {
  background-color: beige;
  width: 600px;
  min-height: 550px;
  border-radius: 30px;
  margin: 40px auto;
}

.title {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  margin: 20px 20px 20px 20px;
  color: indianred;
  display: inline-block;
  float: left;
}

.box3d {
  float: right;
  height: 225px;
  width: 280px;
  background-color: slategray;
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 25px 50px 0px 0px;
}

.desc {
  float: right;
  height: 225px;
  width: 350px;
  background-color: white;
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 25px 50px 0px 0px;
  overflow: auto;
}

.fruitlist {
  padding-left: 20px;
  margin: 20px 0px 0px 30px;
  list-style: none;
  display: inline-block;
  float: left;
}

li {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  color: purple;
  font-size: 18px;
}

li:hover {
  font-size: 20px;
  color: hotpink;
}

#fruitName {
  color: blue;
  margin: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  border-bottom: solid 3px blue;
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

#fruitDesc {
  margin: 10px 10px 0px 10px;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>FruityView</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="fruitstyle.css">
</head>

<body>

  <div class="container">

    <h1 class="title">FruityView</h1>
    <!--3D MODEL VIEW WINDOW-->
    <div class="box3d" id="box3d">

      <p id='x'>0</p>

      <script>
        //this doesn't work - maybe I could do some sort of for loop that could retest it? 
        var x = document.getElementById('x');
        console.log(x);

        function view3d() {
          console.log("view function activated");
        }

        if (x == 1) {
          view3d();
        }

        //this doesn't work - I know it would if it came after the list but I don't want to do that
        /*var peach = document.getElementById('peach').onclick = peach;
        peach() {
            console.log("successful activation");
        }
        */
      </script>

    </div>
    <br>

    <!--SELECTION LIST-->
    <ul class="fruitlist">

      <li id="apple">Apple</li>
      <li id="banana">Banana</li>
      <li id="strawberry">Strawberry</li>
      <li id="orange">Orange</li>
      <li id="pineapple">Pineapple</li>
      <li id="blueberry">Blueberry</li>
      <li id="grape">Grape</li>
      <li id="lemon">Lemon</li>
      <li id="kiwi">Kiwi</li>
      <li id="watermelon">Watermelon</li>
      <li id="peach">Peach</li>

    </ul>

    <!--NAME AND DESCRIPTION-->
    <div class="desc">
      <h3 id="fruitName">Welcome to FruityView</h3>
      <p id="fruitDesc">Please pick a fruit</p>
    </div>

  </div>


</body>

</html>
0 голосов
/ 20 марта 2019

Мне кажется, что есть неправильное понимание того, что делает <script>, и почему вы не можете использовать document.getElementById перед списком.Поэтому я попытаюсь объяснить.

Все, что вы поместите непосредственно в <script>, будет выполнено сразу же, как только браузер его прочитает.

Это означает, что любые элементы в DOM, следующие за этим сценарием, не будутеще не существует, и именно поэтому document.getElementById() не найдет такой элемент.

Так что причина его сбоя не в том, что "JavaScript не активен", а в том, что элемент с идентификаторомеще не существует.

Если вы хотите объявить код в элементе скрипта и вызывать его только позже, вы просто оберните его в функцию, например:

<script>
function callMeLater() {
  var x = document.getElementById('x');
}
</script>
…
<script>
/* now all above elements exist */
callMeLater();
</script>

Далее,нет необходимости помещать скрипт в <div>, который будет содержать модель.Вы можете внедрить HTML в элемент с помощью innerHTML в любое время (как только он существует в DOM).

document.getElementById('box3d').innerHTML = 3dModelHtml;

В заключение я хотел бы отметить, что у вас естьмного повторяющегося кода, который вы должны избегать всеми средствами.Замените их функциями и объектами, в которых вы храните данные.

Например, используйте объект для хранения fruitIds вместе с их описаниями:

var fruitDescriptions = {
  'apple': "An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus pumila). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe and were brought to North America by European colonists.",
   'banana': "…",
}

Затем вы можете перебирать фрукты с помощью для ... в для привязки обработчиков событий к каждому фрукту и сброса его стилей:

for(fruitId in fruitDescriptions) {
  var fruit = document.getElementById(fruitId);
  fruit.click = function() { fruit(fruitId); }
  fruit.style.color = "hotpink";
}

(Вам нужна другая функция для обработчика событий, чтобы передать параметр fruitId фактическомуобработчик)

Наконец, рефакторинг ваших дублирующих функций для использования фруктов в качестве параметра:

function fruit(fruitId){
    console.log("loading " + fruitId);
    styleReset();
    var fruit = document.getElementById(fruitId);
    fruit.style.color = "red";
    fruitName = document.getElementById('fruitName');
    fruitName.innerText = fruitId;
    fruitDesc = document.getElementById('fruitDesc');
    fruitDesc.innerText = fruitDescriptions[fruitId];
}
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