Используйте подзапрос для проверки идентификатора
drop table if exists t;
create table t
(ID int, Position int, Content varchar(3));
insert into t values
(1 , 2 , 'abc'),
(2 , 1 , 'def'),
(3 , 1 , 'ghk'),
(4 , 3 , 'pol'),
(5 , 2 , 'lop'),
(6 , 4 , 'gty');
select t.*
from t
where t.id = (select min(id) from t t1 where t1.position = t.position);
+------+----------+---------+
| ID | Position | Content |
+------+----------+---------+
| 1 | 2 | abc |
| 2 | 1 | def |
| 4 | 3 | pol |
| 6 | 4 | gty |
+------+----------+---------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)