Мы можем использовать inner_join
library(dplyr)
inner_join(VCF, SPECIAL_SNP)
# CHR POS REF ALT
#1 1 20 G A
#2 1 30 T C
#3 2 40 G T
#4 2 50 T A
Или другой вариант %in%
VCF[do.call(paste, VCF[1:2]) %in% do.call(paste, SPECIAL_SNP[1:2]),]
data
VCF <- structure(list(CHR = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L), POS = c(10L,
20L, 30L, 20L, 30L, 40L, 50L), REF = c("C", "G", "T", "A", "C",
"G", "T"), ALT = c("T", "A", "C", "G", "G", "T", "A")),
class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-7L))
SPECIAL_SNP <- structure(list(CHR = c(1L, 1L, 2L, 2L), POS = c(20L, 30L, 40L,
50L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -4L))