Попробуйте использовать «&» вместо «и»:
df = pd.DataFrame({'Platform': ['A123', 'A321', 'A321', 'B123'],
'Days': [10, 13, 20, 5]})
df.loc[(df['Platform'] == 'A321') & (df['Days'] <= 14), 'Mods Applicable'] = 'CFM56 9th Stage Duct'
print(df)
Platform Days Mods Applicable
0 A123 10 NaN
1 A321 13 CFM56 9th Stage Duct
2 A321 20 NaN
3 B123 5 NaN
Я могу воспроизвести ту же ошибку, используя «и» вместо «&»:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-128-7957a219684b>", line 1, in <module>
df.loc[(df['Platform'] == 'A321') and (df['Days'] <= 14), 'Mods Applicable'] = 'CFM56 9th Stage Duct'
File "/Users/nathanielgates/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pandas/core/generic.py", line 1479, in __nonzero__
.format(self.__class__.__name__))
ValueError: The truth value of a Series is ambiguous. Use a.empty, a.bool(), a.item(), a.any() or a.all().