Это так просто, как это:
declare @my_table table (
filteredID int,
staffID int,
Name varchar(30)
);
insert into @my_table values
(50, 205, 'james'),
(88, 205, 'james'),
(57, 16371, 'jake'),
(55, 16371, 'jake'),
(83, 20817, 'jane'),
(87, 20924, 'jason'),
(49, 21074, 'jackson'),
(42, NULL, 'Foo'),
(170, NULL, 'Goo');
declare @filteredID int = 50;
delete from @my_table
where staffID in (
select staffID
from @my_table
where filteredID = @filteredID
);
select staffID, Name from @my_table;