htmlspecialchars () ожидает, что параметр 1 будет строкой, а массив задан Laravel 5.5

Question

Я пытаюсь сохранить форму в Laravel 5. Каждая строка содержит 2 поля. Первое - это название пакета, а второе - цена пакета, основанная на 1, 3, 6 и 1 году.Однако я получаю следующее сообщение об ошибке:

"htmlspecialchars () ожидает, что параметр 1 будет строкой, задан массив (представление: I: \ xampp \ htdocs \ app \ resources \ views \ subscription \ checkout.blade.php) "

Представление показывает поля, но не сохраняет входные данные в базу данных.

Контроллер пакетов

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\models\Package;
use App\models\Package as AppPackage;
use App\models\Subscription;
use App\User;
use App\Invoice;
use App\Item;
use Auth;
use Lang;
use DB;
use Carbon\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Input;

class PackagesController extends Controller
{

    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->middleware('auth');
    }

    public function index()
    {
        $packages = AppPackage::orderBy('id', 'ASC')->get();

        $packages->item_name = $packages->pluck('item_name')->all();
        $packages->amount = $packages->pluck('amount')->all();

        session()->put('info', Lang::get('messages.packages_info_warning'));
        return view('packages.index')->with('packages', $packages);
    }

    public function save_packages(Request $request)
    {
        $this->validate($request, [
          //'item_name' => 'required|string|max:255',
          //'amount'=> 'required|int'
           'item_name' => 'required',
           'amount'=> 'required'
        ]);


        $packages = DB::table('package')->get();

        $id = null;

        $id = $packages->first();

        if(is_null($id)) {

            ksort($packages);
            foreach ($packages as $package) {
                $packages_name[0] = $request->item_name[0];
                $packages_name[1] = $request->item_name[1];
                $packages_name[2] = $request->item_name[2];
                $packages_name[3] = $request->item_name[3];

                $packages_amount[0] = $request->amount[0];
                $packages_amount[1] = $request->amount[1];
                $packages_amount[2] = $request->amount[2];
                $packages_amount[3] = $request->amount[3];

                DB::table('package')->insert([
                    ['item_name' => $packages_name[0], 'amount' => $packages_amount[0], 'id' => 1],
                    ['item_name' => $packages_name[1], 'amount' => $packages_amount[1], 'id' => 2],
                    ['item_name' => $packages_name[2], 'amount' => $packages_amount[2], 'id' => 3],
                    ['item_name' => $packages_name[3], 'amount' => $packages_amount[3], 'id' => 4],
                ]);
            }

            return redirect()->back();
        }

        if(!is_null($id)) {

            $id1 = $packages[0]->id;
            $id2 = $packages[1]->id;
            $id3 = $packages[2]->id;
            $id4 = $packages[3]->id;

            $packages_name[0] = $request->item_name[0];
            $packages_name[1] = $request->item_name[1];
            $packages_name[2] = $request->item_name[2];
            $packages_name[3] = $request->item_name[3];

            $packages_amount[0] = $request->amount[0];
            $packages_amount[1] = $request->amount[1];
            $packages_amount[2] = $request->amount[2];
            $packages_amount[3] = $request->amount[3];

            DB::table('package')->where('id', $id1)->update(array('item_name' => $packages_name[0], 'amount' => $packages_amount[0]));
            DB::table('package')->where('id', $id2)->update(array('item_name' => $packages_name[1], 'amount' => $packages_amount[1]));
            DB::table('package')->where('id', $id3)->update(array('item_name' => $packages_name[2], 'amount' => $packages_amount[2]));
            DB::table('package')->where('id', $id4)->update(array('item_name' => $packages_name[3], 'amount' => $packages_amount[3]));      
        }

        return redirect()->route('admin.packages.index')->with('alert-success', ' Success');
    }

    public function get_packages(Request $request)
    {
        $package_id = $request->get('id');          
        $packages=AppPackage::where('id','=',$id)->get();
        return response()->json(['response' => $packages]);
    }


}

Модель пакета

namespace App\models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Package extends Model
{
  protected $table = 'package';
    protected $primaryKey = 1;
    public $incrementing = false;

    protected $fillable = [
      'id', 'item_name', 'amount'
    ];

    public function teacher(){
      return $this->belongsTo('App\models\Teacher');
    }

    public function subscription(){
      return $this->belongsTo('App\models\Subscription');
    }

    public function get_packages(){
       return $packages = Package::whereHas('package', function($query){
          $query->where('item_number', '=', $this->id);
        })->get();
    }

}

Блейд View Checkout

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="packages">Select A Package:</label>
        <select name="packages" class="form-control" style="width:250px">
            <option value="">--- Select Package ---</option>
            @foreach ($packages as $key => $value)
                <option value="1">{{$packages->item_name}} - {{$packages->amount}}</option>
            @endforeach
        </select>
    </div>

Я пытаюсь получить все доступныепакеты и их цены в выпадающем меню и автоматически возвращают значение параметра, выбранного для отправки в качестве параметра в Paypal для клиента, чтобы завершить платеж.Однако он возвращает ошибку, как указано выше.