Хорошо, давайте рассмотрим пример создания таблицы с использованием apache poi
без использования объектов низкого уровня.
Основной подход заключается в использовании CellUtil
и PropertyTemplate
для созданиянеобходимые стили ячейки.Таким образом, нам не нужно создавать каждый необходимый стиль ячейки вручную (например, каждый разноцветный край граничного диапазона).Но мы, тем не менее, экономим, не создавая слишком много стилей ячеек (например, по одному стилю ячейки для каждой ячейки).
Но, как уже упоминалось в Невозможно установить собственный цвет в XSSFCell Apache POI ,PropertyTemplate
, а также CellUtil
и RegionUtil
основаны только на уровне ss.usermodel
, а не на уровне xssf.usermodel
.Но org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle
не знает что-то о setFillForegroundColor(Color color)
до сих пор.Он знает только setFillForegroundColor(short bg)
.Так что уровень ss.usermodel
просто не может установить Color
в качестве цвета заливки переднего плана до сих пор.Возможен только short
(индекс цвета).Это мы должны иметь в виду и устанавливать заполнение ячеек, используя IndexedColors
.В противном случае это не удается.
Пример кода с комментариями к описанию того, что он делает:
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellUtil;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.PropertyTemplate;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class CreateExcelCellStyles {
public static CellStyle getPreferredCellStyle(Cell cell) {
// a method to get the preferred cell style for a cell
// this is either the already applied cell style
// or if that not present, then the row style (default cell style for this row)
// or if that not present, then the column style (default cell style for this column)
CellStyle cellStyle = cell.getCellStyle();
if (cellStyle.getIndex() == 0) cellStyle = cell.getRow().getRowStyle();
if (cellStyle == null) cellStyle = cell.getSheet().getColumnStyle(cell.getColumnIndex());
if (cellStyle == null) cellStyle = cell.getCellStyle();
return cellStyle;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//the data
Object[][] data = new Object[][]{
{null, "Returns", "Benchmark 1", null, null, null, "Benchmark 2", null, null, null, "Benchmark 3", null, null, null},
{null, null, "PME Plus", null, null, "Direct", "PME Plus", null, null, "Direct", "PME Plus", null, null, "Direct"},
{null, null, "PME IRR", "IRR", "KS PME", "Alpha", "PME IRR", "IRR", "KS PME", "Alpha", "PME IRR", "IRR", "KS PME", "Alpha"},
{"1 Year", .17, .162, .162, 1.01, .007, .191, .191, .99, -.018, .192, .192, .99, -.018},
{"3 Year", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null},
{"5 Year", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null},
{"10 Year", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null},
{"20 Year", .103, .051, .059, 1.17, .048, .071, .074, 1.11, .03, .062, .066, 1.14, .037},
{"Since Inception", .109, .062, .066, 1.15, .041, .079, .08, 1.10, .027, .073, .074, 1.12, .031},
};
//we need PropertyTemplate later
PropertyTemplate propertyTemplate = new PropertyTemplate();
//we need properties map for cell styles later
Map<String, Object> properties;
//creating workbook
Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
//we need DataFormat later
DataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();
//creating default font
Font defaultFont = workbook.createFont();
defaultFont.setFontName("Calibri");
defaultFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
//we need font in bold and white for headings
Font defaultFontWhite = workbook.createFont();
defaultFontWhite.setFontName("Calibri");
defaultFontWhite.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
defaultFontWhite.setBold(true);
defaultFontWhite.setColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
//creating default cell style having default font
CellStyle defaultCellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
defaultCellStyle.setFont(defaultFont);
//we need percent style for numbers later
CellStyle percent = workbook.createCellStyle();
percent.cloneStyleFrom(defaultCellStyle);
percent.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("0.0%"));
percent.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
//we need user defined number style having unit "x" for numbers later
CellStyle doubleX = workbook.createCellStyle();
doubleX.cloneStyleFrom(defaultCellStyle);
doubleX.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("0.00\\x"));
doubleX.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
//creating sheet
Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
//set default column styles
sheet.setDefaultColumnStyle(0, defaultCellStyle); //first column A = default
for (int c = 1; c < 14; c++) sheet.setDefaultColumnStyle(c, percent); //columns B to N = percent; some will be overridden later
sheet.setDefaultColumnStyle(4, doubleX); //column E = user defined number style having unit "x"
sheet.setDefaultColumnStyle(8, doubleX); //column I = user defined number style having unit "x"
sheet.setDefaultColumnStyle(12, doubleX); //column M = user defined number style having unit "x"
//put data in sheet
int r = 0;
for (Object[] rowdata : data) {
Row row = sheet.createRow(r++);
int c = 0;
for (Object celldata : rowdata) {
Cell cell = row.createCell(c++);
if (celldata instanceof String) cell.setCellValue((String)celldata);
else if (celldata instanceof Double) cell.setCellValue((Double)celldata);
cell.setCellStyle(getPreferredCellStyle(cell)); //get preferred cell style from column style
}
}
//add merged regions
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 2, 5));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 6, 9));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 10, 13));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, 1, 2, 4));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, 1, 6, 8));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, 1, 10, 12));
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 2, 0, 0));
CellUtil.setVerticalAlignment(CellUtil.getCell(CellUtil.getRow(0, sheet), 0), VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 2, 1, 1));
CellUtil.setVerticalAlignment(CellUtil.getCell(CellUtil.getRow(0, sheet), 1), VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
//styling the table headings (rows 1 to 3)
for (int rw = 0; rw < 3; rw++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(rw);
for (int c = 0; c < 14; c++) {
properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_PATTERN, FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_FOREGROUND_COLOR, IndexedColors.GREY_50_PERCENT.getIndex()); //do using only IndexedColors for fills
//properties.put(CellUtil.FONT, defaultFontWhite.getIndex()); //up to apache poi 3.17
properties.put(CellUtil.FONT, defaultFontWhite.getIndexAsInt()); //since apache poi 4.0.0
CellUtil.setCellStyleProperties(CellUtil.getCell(row, c), properties); //do using CellUtil for **add** new properties to already applied cell styles
}
}
propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(0, 2, 0, 13), BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.ALL); //since we have merged regions we can simply drawing all borders here
//styling the table body (rows 4 to 9)
for (int rw = 3; rw < 9; rw++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(rw);
properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_PATTERN, FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_FOREGROUND_COLOR, IndexedColors.LEMON_CHIFFON.getIndex());
CellUtil.setCellStyleProperties(CellUtil.getCell(row, 0), properties); //column A
properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_PATTERN, FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_FOREGROUND_COLOR, IndexedColors.PALE_BLUE.getIndex());
CellUtil.setCellStyleProperties(CellUtil.getCell(row, 1), properties); //column B
for (int c = 2; c < 6; c++) {
properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_PATTERN, FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_FOREGROUND_COLOR, IndexedColors.LIGHT_GREEN.getIndex());
CellUtil.setCellStyleProperties(CellUtil.getCell(row, c), properties); //columns C:F
}
for (int c = 6; c < 10; c++) {
properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_PATTERN, FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_FOREGROUND_COLOR, IndexedColors.LIGHT_ORANGE.getIndex());
CellUtil.setCellStyleProperties(CellUtil.getCell(row, c), properties); //columns G:J
}
for (int c = 10; c < 14; c++) {
properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_PATTERN, FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
properties.put(CellUtil.FILL_FOREGROUND_COLOR, IndexedColors.LIGHT_CORNFLOWER_BLUE.getIndex());
CellUtil.setCellStyleProperties(CellUtil.getCell(row, c), properties); //columns K:N
}
}
propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(3, 8, 0, 0), BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.OUTSIDE); //outside border around A4:A9
propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(3, 8, 1, 1), BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.OUTSIDE); //outside border around B4:B9
propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(3, 8, 2, 5), BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.OUTSIDE); //outside border around C4:F9
propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(3, 8, 6, 9), BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.OUTSIDE); //outside border around G4:J9
propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(3, 8, 10, 13), BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.OUTSIDE); //outside border around K4:N9
//apply the PropertyTemplate borders
propertyTemplate.applyBorders(sheet);
//resizing the columns A:N
for (int c = 0; c < 14; c++) sheet.autoSizeColumn(c, true);
//writing the result
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("CreateExcelCellStyles.xlsx");
workbook.write(out);
out.close();
workbook.close();
}
}
Результат: