Обрезать многоугольник, используя подкладку

Question

Я пытаюсь выяснить, как обрезать многоугольник на основе строки. Я оценил ареал наземного животного, и эта оценка ареала распространяется на океан. Я хотел бы обрезать любые части, которые простираются в океан.

Я использую rnaturalearth, чтобы получить береговую линию, которая возвращает серию линий строк

library(lwgeom)
library(rnaturalearth)
library(rnaturalearthhires)
library(sf)

cl10 <- ne_coastline(scale=10,returnclass='sf')

poly1 - это sfполигон оценки дальности дома. (Чтобы загрузить это из wkt ниже, вам нужно добавить последний ') "', который по какой-то причине не отображается.)

wkt <- "SRID=4326;POLYGON((-64.73304 10.46291,-64.73375 10.46797,-64.73479 10.47601,-64.73529 10.48397,-64.73576 10.49193,-64.73613 10.49987,-64.73632 10.50779,-64.73639 10.51569,-64.73616 10.52355,-64.73585 10.5314,-64.73544 10.53924,-64.73476 10.54703,-64.73389 10.5548,-64.73279 10.56254,-64.7315 10.57025,-64.72998 10.57793,-64.7282 10.58557,-64.72634 10.5932,-64.72428 10.6008,-64.72188 10.60836,-64.71932 10.61589,-64.7167 10.62341,-64.71385 10.6309,-64.71074 10.63836,-64.70741 10.64578,-64.7061 10.64831,-64.70363 10.65314,-64.69975 10.66049,-64.6955 10.66779,-64.69131 10.67509,-64.68678 10.68235,-64.68541 10.68422,-64.6816 10.68951,-64.6763 10.69666,-64.67129 10.70384,-64.66619 10.71008,-64.6655 10.71092,-64.65921 10.71793,-64.65313 10.72497,-64.64775 10.73055,-64.64641 10.73191,-64.63922 10.7388,-64.63234 10.74572,-64.62976 10.74793,-64.62443 10.7525,-64.61667 10.7593,-64.61211 10.76288,-64.6081 10.76599,-64.59965 10.77269,-64.59471 10.77621,-64.59032 10.77927,-64.58079 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poly1 <- st_sf(st_as_sfc(wkt))

Я использую это для извлечения соответствующей строки.

box <- poly1 %>% st_bbox %>% st_as_sfc

sa_coast <- cl10[st_intersects(box,cl10,sparse=FALSE),] %>% 
  mutate(len=st_length(geometry)) %>%
  filter(len==max(len))

Отсюда я хочу обрезать poly1 с помощью sa_coast. Однако я не могу понять, как это можно сделать. Вот как выглядят побережье и диапазон. Северная часть карты - океан,Южная часть - это земля.

ggplot() +
  geom_sf(data=poly1,fill=NA,color='red') +
  geom_sf(data=sa_coast) +
  xlim(st_bbox(poly1)['xmin'],st_bbox(poly1)['xmax']) +
  ylim(st_bbox(poly1)['ymin'],st_bbox(poly1)['ymax']) +
  theme_classic()

Я не думаю, что st_intersection () работает, потому что это возвращает многострочную строку, которая пересекается с poly1

Мне нужен мультиполигон, у которого вырезана вода (верхняя часть рисунка). См. Ниже, гем, возвращаемый функцией st_intersection (), выделен синим цветом.

intr <- st_intersection(poly1,sa_coast)

ggplot() +
  geom_sf(data=poly1,fill=NA,color='red') +
  geom_sf(data=sa_coast) + #,mapping=aes(color=rowid)
  geom_sf(data=intr,color='blue') +
  xlim(st_bbox(polys)['xmin'],st_bbox(polys)['xmax']) +
  ylim(st_bbox(polys)['ymin'],st_bbox(polys)['ymax']) +
  theme_classic()

Answer 1

Вот решение, которое я наконец-то понял. Спасибо @JindaLacko, который дал мне идею использовать st_polygonize для строки. Однако моя строка не закрывалась, поэтому st_polygonize не работал. Хитрость заключается в том, чтобы обрезать линейную строку с помощью ограничивающего прямоугольника многоугольника, затем использовать минимальный угол ограничивающего прямоугольника в качестве точки на линейной строке, а затем закрыть линейную строку своей первой точкой. Затем вы можете превратить это в многоугольник.

Обрезать береговую линию по размеру ограничительной рамки многоугольника.

sa_clip <- st_intersection(st_as_sfc(st_bbox(poly1)),sa_coast)
ggplot() +
  geom_sf(data=st_as_sfc(st_bbox(poly1)),fill=NA) +
  geom_sf(data=sa_clip) +
  theme_classic()

Получить минимальный угол ограничительной рамки

corner <- st_bbox(poly1)[c('xmin','ymin')] %>% st_point %>% st_sfc(crs=4326)

Приведите линейную линию к точкам, добавьте угол, закройте линейную линию, превратитесь в многоугольник.

pts <- sa_clip %>% st_geometry %>% st_cast("POINT")
sa_poly <- c(pts,corner,pts[1]) %>% st_combine %>% st_cast('LINESTRING') %>% st_polygonize

Теперь вы можете обрезать многоугольник.

clipped <- st_intersection(sa_poly,poly1)

ggplot() +
  geom_sf(data=sa_poly,fill='red',alpha=.2) +
  geom_sf(data=poly1,fill='blue',alpha=.2) +
  geom_sf(data=clipped,fill='purple',alpha=.2) +
  theme_classic()

Answer 2

Для обрезки линии и полигона используйте sf::st_intersection()

Рассмотрите пример на сайте сообщества RStudio, где я использовал его для определения пересечения полигонов некоторых случайных округов Северной Каролины (популярный набор данных) с36-я параллель.

https://community.rstudio.com/t/how-to-change-color-of-polyline-when-it-is-passing-a-polygon-in-leaflet-package-using-r/37033/3?u=jlacko

Редактировать: пересечение линейной линии и многоугольника будет линейной линией.

Если желаемым выходом является полигон, подумайте о вызове sf::st_polygonize() на вашей строке. Он превратит его в многоугольник, который вернет многоугольник при пересечении с другим многоугольником.