Вы должны использовать схему обновления
class UpgradeSchema implements UpgradeSchemaInterface
{
public function upgrade(SchemaSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
{
if (version_compare($context->getVersion(), '1.0.1') < 0) {
$tableName = $setup->getTable('catalog_eav_attribute');
$connection = $setup->getConnection();
$connection->addColumn(
$tableName,
'field_1',
[
'type' => Table::TYPE_SMALLINT,
'unsigned' => true,
'nullable' => false,
'default' => '0',
'comment' => 'Label 1'
]
);
}
}
}