Я работаю над набором задач ti c ta c toe. Вся игра работает правильно, но у меня проблемы с запуском ИИ. Я запускал игру, когда компьютер делал случайные ходы, и она отлично работает.
Я пробовал реализовать алгоритм минимакса, и кажется, что он работает какое-то время,
пока не столкнусь с ошибкой TypeError: '>' not supported between instances of 'NoneType' and 'float'
Так как я абсолютный новичок в AI (и python), я не совсем уверен, как это решить.
Что касается ошибки, я полагаю, что math.inf и -math.inf - это числа с плавающей запятой, а состояние (доска) - это NoneType? Почему я получаю сообщение об ошибке? Какую ценность я предполагаю получить? Почему это происходит?
Заранее спасибо за изучение.
Я вставил весь код с комментариями
import math
import random
import copy
X = "X"
O = "O"
EMPTY = None
def initial_state():
"""
Returns starting state of the board.
"""
return [[EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY],
[EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY],
[EMPTY, EMPTY, EMPTY]]
def player(board):
"""
Returns player who has the next turn on a board.
- takes a state, tells whos turn it is
- assuming x makes a first move on an empty game board, player is x
- if x has made a move, o is the player
- takes a game board, and returns whos turn it is
"""
empty_board = True
count_x = 0
count_o = 0
f_list = []
"""
for cell in board:
empty_board = all(c is None for c in cell)
print(all(c is None for c in cell))
"""
# Check every item in board.
# Flatten list, and put all elements in new list, for later use
# Check if any of the cells contain X or O. If so, the board is not empty,
# game has began, so we switch empty_board to False
for cell in board:
for i in cell:
f_list.append(i)
if i == X or i == O:
empty_board = False
# If board is empty, return X as the first player
# else, figure out who's turn is next, by counting how many X and O's on the game board.
if empty_board == True:
return X
else:
count_x = f_list.count("X")
count_o = f_list.count("O")
if count_x > count_o:
# print("Computer turn")
return O
else:
# print("Player turn")
return X
def actions(board):
"""
Returns set of all possible actions (i, j) available on the board.
- Figures out which possible moves to do next
"""
available_moves = set()
for i in range(3):
for j in range(3):
if board[i][j] == None:
available_moves.add((i, j))
return available_moves
def result(board, action):
"""
Returns the board that results from making move (i, j) on the board.
If having a state, and taking an action, we need a result
- takes the board, and the move as input, and returns the new board
with the new action
"""
nboard = copy.deepcopy(board)
if nboard[action[0]][action[1]] == None:
nboard[action[0]][action[1]] = player(board)
else:
raise ValueError("Already taken")
return nboard
def winner(board):
"""
Returns the winner of the game, if there is one.
"""
for i in range(3):
if board[i][0] == board[i][1] == board[i][2]:
return board[i][0]
elif board[0][i] == board[1][i] == board[2][i]:
return board[0][i]
elif board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2]:
return board[0][0]
elif board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0]:
return board[0][2]
def terminal(board):
"""
Returns True if game is over, False otherwise.
- takes the game board as input. If the game is over, returns true
"""
# Determine if anyone has 3 in a row
for i in range(3):
if board[i][0] == board[i][1] == board[i][2] != None:
return True
elif board[0][i] == board[1][i] == board[2][i] != None:
return True
elif board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] != None:
return True
elif board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] != None:
return True
l_flatten = []
# Flattens the board, and check if None is in any of the cells.
# If None is in any cells, the game is not finished, return False.
# If None is NOT in any cells, the game board is filled out, and the game is over
for cell in board:
for i in cell:
l_flatten.append(i)
if None not in l_flatten:
return True
return False
def utility(board):
"""
Returns 1 if X has won the game, -1 if O has won, 0 otherwise.
"""
for i in range(3):
if board[i][0] == board[i][1] == board[i][2]:
if board[i][0] == X:
return 1
elif board[i][0] == O:
return -1
else:
return 0
elif board[0][i] == board[1][i] == board[2][i]:
if board[0][i] == X:
return 1
elif board[i][0] == O:
return -1
else:
return 0
elif board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2]:
if board[0][0] == X:
return 1
elif board[0][0] == O:
return -1
else:
return 0
elif board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0]:
if board[0][2] == X:
return 1
elif board[0][2] == O:
return -1
else:
return 0
def minimax(board):
"""
Returns the optimal action for the current player on the board.
should call action to get every move possible for the current player
"""
moves = actions(board)
playing = player(board)
if playing == X:
return max_value(board)
else:
return min_value(board)
return random.choice(tuple(moves))
def max_value(board):
if terminal(board):
print("TERMINAL MAX")
return utility(board)
v = -math.inf
for action in actions(board):
v = max(v, min_value(result(board, action)))
return v
def min_value(board):
if terminal(board):
print("TERMINAL MIN")
return utility(board)
v = math.inf
for action in actions(board):
v = min(v, max_value(result(board, action)))
return v
Редактировать: Добавлена трассировка
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "runner.py", line 115, in <module>
move = ttt.minimax(board)
File "tictactoe.py", line 198, in minimax
return min_value(board)
File "tictactoe.py", line 218, in min_value
v = min(v, max_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 209, in max_value
v = max(v, min_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 218, in min_value
v = min(v, max_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 209, in max_value
v = max(v, min_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 218, in min_value
v = min(v, max_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 209, in max_value
v = max(v, min_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 218, in min_value
v = min(v, max_value(result(board, action)))
File "tictactoe.py", line 209, in max_value
v = max(v, min_value(result(board, action)))
TypeError: '>' not supported between instances of 'NoneType' and 'float'