Да, вы можете сделать это, например:
select p.table_name, 'is parent of ' rel, c.table_name
from user_constraints p
join user_constraints c on c.r_constraint_name = p.constraint_name
and c.r_owner = p.owner
where p.table_name = 'MYTABLE'
union all
select c.table_name, 'is child of ' rel, p.table_name
from user_constraints p
join user_constraints c on c.r_constraint_name = p.constraint_name
and c.r_owner = p.owner
where c.table_name = 'MYTABLE'